琐窗寒·寒食
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宋代]：周邦彦
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暗柳啼鸦，单衣伫立，小帘朱户。桐花半亩，静锁一庭愁雨。洒空阶、夜阑未休，故人剪烛西窗语。似楚江暝宿，风灯零乱，少年羁旅。
迟暮。嬉游处。正店舍无烟，禁城百五。旗亭唤酒，付与高阳俦侣。想东园、桃李自春，小唇秀靥今在否。到归时、定有残英，待客携尊俎。
琐窗寒·寒食译文及注释
译文
柳荫深处传出乌鸦的啼鸣，我掀起小帘，站在朱门之内，身穿单衫凝神伫立。半亩大的庭院里开满了桐花，静静地笼罩着庭院，阴雨阵阵更使人愁思万端。雨滴洒落在空落落的台阶上，竟彻夜未停。何时故友相逢与我在西窗下剪烛，谈心。今夜的孤零恰如往昔夜宿楚江之畔，江风吹得灯火昏暗，说不尽少年羁旅的无限凄惨艰难。
如今我已年老，时有垂暮之感。春游嬉戏的地方，旅舍酒店烟火不举，正巧是全城禁火过寒食节。酒楼上呼唤美酒的兴致一扫而光，姑且把这段豪情都交付酒徒料理。回想起故乡园中的桃李，必是迎春怒放，那如同美人嘴唇酒窝般的花朵，不知今天是否还挂在树枝？待到我归乡之时，一定还会有残存的花儿，等待着我与宾客举杯痛饮，一洗烦襟。
注释
剪烛西窗语：借李商隐《夜雨寄北》“何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时”语，抒发怀乡之情。
百五：指寒食节。冬至后一百零五日为寒食。
旗亭：指酒楼。
高阳俦侣：西汉郦食其自称高阳酒徒。
靥（yè）：脸上的酒窝。
琐窗寒·寒食鉴赏
这首词抒发的是词人的羁旅情怀，清真工羁旅行役之词，人所公认。词作的上片写暮春欲雨之时，由日转夜，从夜雨说到话雨，又从话雨想起昔年楚江暝宿时旅况，羁旅情味，由外及内使人深思。下片叙写寒食及节日思乡之情。寒食禁烟而饮酒，人到老年，回忆往事不胜感慨。
“暗柳啼鸦，单衣伫立，小帘朱户”，开首三句即点明时间和词人彼时所处环境。薄暮时分，柳色渐渐昏暗，乌鸦盘旋聒噪，词人正站在朱户之中，小帘之后凝神沉思。首三句虽为叙写眼前景况，但仍起着渲染气氛的作用。薄暮时分，天气渐暗，群鸦乱啼，单身一人置身其间，词人的愁思、烦乱心情，即已呼之欲出了。此外“暗”与“啼鸦”也有暗示欲雨的作用。“桐花半亩，静销一庭愁雨”，这两句词人继续叙写他伫立帘后所见之景，同时景中含情，词人的愁绪已经跃然纸上。这与“梧桐更兼细雨，到黄昏、点点滴滴”（李清照《声声慢》）所描写的意境相似。黄昏时节，再加上绵绵不绝的春雨，这种意境描写虽非清真所首创，却是古典诗词中描写愁绪时最常用的典型环境。这里词人用一“锁”字使得本为抽象无形的情绪形象化，从而突出了词人此时愁闷难堪的心境。“洒空阶、夜阑未休，故人剪烛西窗语”，这三句是说那滴哒的雨声洒落在空寂的台阶上，使得词人心绪更加烦乱愁闷，直到夜深仍不停息。面对此情此景，词人不禁思绪联翩，想到何时才能与故人相会。这里化用了李商隐《夜雨寄北》诗意：“何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时”。词作至此，愁绪的内含已渐渐明朗、具体化了。歇拍三句：“似楚江暝宿，风灯零乱，少年羁旅，”这一层词人宕开一笔，由眼前之景转而幻想从前，在变幻境界中感叹风灯零乱，少年羁旅，颇有不胜今昔之感。“楚江”，此当指长江，李白诗有“天门中断楚江开”，杜甫诗有“楚江巫峡半云雨。”“风烛”，此形容人生短暂，老年人如风前之烛。苏轼诗有“过眼百世如风灯”，杜甫诗有“风前春灯乱，江鸿夜雨悬”，所绘即此情景。
下片写节日思乡之情。“迟暮。嬉游处，正店舍无烟，禁城百五。”词作由上片末尾的少年羁旅，转入叙写迟暮情景，以前之虚幻，转入眼前之说实；前之遥远回荡，此则转入本题。章法大开大合。因寒食禁烟，故曰“无烟”，“禁城百五”，也是寒食节。《荆楚岁时记》：“冬至后一百五日为寒食。”“旗亭唤酒，付与高阳俦侣”，寒食禁烟不禁酒，故可去酒楼饮酒。“俦侣”，即伴侣。“高阳”，地名，在河南杞县。《史记》中郦生为高阳酒徒。李白诗有“君不见高阳酒徒起草中，长揖山东隆准公”。这句的意思是说，寒食节中，旗亭饮酒取乐之事，还是让高阳酒徒们去吧。这里用的是侧笔，实际上是叙说自己为愁思所缠绕，没精打采，对玩乐毫无兴趣。“想东园，桃李自春，小唇秀靥今在否”，对羁旅之愁与思家之情化成了具体的内容，那“东园”此时又是一番桃李争春，明媚春光，而那给自己留下美好印象的、人面桃花相映红的姑娘，如今是否还在？词人描述得越具体，越真切，说明其思念之情越铭心刻骨。此外，用一“否”字，词人的关切之情更显真切。歇拍三句：“到归时，定有残英，待客携尊俎，”词人归心似箭，未踏归途，心早已设想好归家时的情景。到那时，春意犹在，尚有残花挂在枝头，自己定要好好地款待自己一番。“客”字，表明词人始终未曾忘记自己的游子身分。
整首词很巧妙地将现实、回忆、设想结合起来，结构天成，含蓄而又细腻，意淡而气厚。周济称赞该词“奇横”（《宋四家词选》），黄蓼园则评：“前阕写宦况凄清。次阕起处，点清寒食。以下引到思家情怀，风情旖旎可想”（《蓼园词评》）。品评颇合实际。
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王安石《
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壬辰寒食》
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谢枋得《
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沁园春·寒食郓州道中》
周邦彦简介
唐代·周邦彦的简介
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周邦彦（1056年－1121年），中国北宋末期著名的词人，字美成，号清真居士，汉族，钱塘（今浙江杭州）人。历官太学正、庐州教授、知溧水县等。徽宗时为徽猷阁待制，提举大晟府。精通音律，曾创作不少新词调。作品多写闺情、羁旅，也有咏物之作。格律谨严。语言典丽精雅。长调尤善铺叙。为后来格律派词人所宗。旧时词论称他为“词家之冠”。有《清真集》传世。
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邹浩
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芜城兆霜雪，颍川凋芰荷。昔别情已矣，今别情奈何。
英英二三子，行亦车悬■。后日知谁同，蝉声犹暮多。
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枯菊
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宋代：
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陆游
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翠羽金钱梦已阑，空余残蕊抱枝乾。
纷纷轻薄随流水，黄与姚花一样看。
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邓端友临要阁五首 其三
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宋代：
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陈渊
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谁家多竹门可款，临要阁前沙岸傍。谩道薰风能解愠，正应苍玉自生凉。