望庐山瀑布
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唐代]：李白
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望庐山瀑布译文及注释
译文
香炉峰在阳光的照射下生起紫色烟霞，远远望见瀑布似白色绢绸悬挂在山前。
高崖上飞腾直落的瀑布好像有几千尺，让人恍惚以为银河从天上泻落到人间。
注释
香炉：指香炉峰。紫烟：指日光透过云雾，远望如紫色的烟云。
遥看：从远处看。挂：悬挂。前川：一作“长川”。川：河流，这里指瀑布。
直：笔直。三千尺：形容山高。这里是夸张的说法，不是实指。
疑：怀疑。银河：古人指银河系构成的带状星群。九天：一作“半天”。
望庐山瀑布创作背景
这两首诗一般认为是公元725年（唐玄宗开元十三年）前后李白出游金陵途中初游庐山时所作。詹锳先生在《李白诗文系年》中根据任华《杂言寄李白》诗，认为第一首五古为李白入长安以前（开元年间）所作。另有人认为第二首七绝作于公元756年（唐玄宗天宝十五年）李白到庐山的夏秋之交。
参考资料：
1、赵其钧 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983年12月版：第329-330页
2、裴斐．李白诗歌赏析集．成都：巴蜀书社，1988年2月版：第313-316页
3、李静 等．唐诗宋词鉴赏大全集．北京：华文出版社，2009年11月版：第67页
望庐山瀑布鉴赏
这是诗人李白五十岁左右隐居庐山时写的一首风景诗。这首诗形象地描绘了庐山瀑布雄奇壮丽的景色，反映了诗人对祖国大好河山的无限热爱。 首句“日照香炉生紫烟”。“香炉”是指庐山的香炉峰。此峰在庐山西北，形状尖圆，像座香炉。由于瀑布飞泻，水气蒸腾而上，在丽日照耀下，仿佛有座顶天立地的香炉冉冉升起了团团紫烟。一个“生”字把烟云冉冉上升的景象写活了。此句为瀑布设置了雄奇的背景，也为下文直接描写瀑布渲染了气氛。
次句“遥看瀑布挂前川”。“遥看瀑布”四字照应了题目《望庐山瀑布》。“挂前川”是说瀑布像一条巨大的白练从悬崖直挂到前面的河流上。“挂”字化动为静，维纱维肖地写出遥望中的瀑布。
诗的前两句从大处着笔，概写望中全景：山顶紫烟缭绕，山间白练悬挂，山下激流奔腾，构成一幅绚丽壮美的图景。
第三句“飞流直下三千尺”是从近处细致地描写瀑布。“飞流”表现瀑布凌空而出，喷涌飞泻。“直下”既写出岩壁的陡峭，又写出水流之急。“三千尺”极力夸张，写山的高峻。
这样写诗人觉得还没把瀑布的雄奇气势表现得淋漓尽致，于是接着又写上一句“疑是银河落九天”。说这“飞流直下”的瀑布，使人怀疑是银河从九天倾泻下来。一个“疑”，用得空灵活泼，若真若幻，引人遐想，增添了瀑布的神奇色彩。
这首诗极其成功地运用了比喻、夸张和想象，构思奇特，语言生动形象、洗炼明快。苏东坡十分赞赏这首诗，说“帝遣银河一脉垂，古来唯有谪仙词”。“谪仙”就是李白。《望庐山瀑布》的确是状物写景和抒情的范例。
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李白《
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望天门山》
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刘禹锡《
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望洞庭》
李白简介
唐代·李白的简介
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李白（701年－762年），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。祖籍陇西成纪(待考)，出生于西域碎叶城，4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。
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