牧童
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唐代]：吕岩
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草铺横野六七里，笛弄晚风三四声。
牧童译文及注释
译文
辽阔的草原像被铺在地上一样，四处都是草地。晚风中隐约传来牧童断断续续悠扬的笛声。
牧童放牧归来，在吃饱晚饭后的晚霞时分。他连蓑衣都没脱，就躺在草地上看天空中的圆月。
注释
牧童：放牛放羊的孩子。
铺：铺开。
横野：辽阔的原野。
弄：逗弄，玩弄。
饱饭：吃饱了饭。
蓑衣：用草或棕毛编织成的，披在身上的防雨用具，用来遮风挡雨。
卧月明：躺着观看明亮的月亮。
牧童创作背景
钟傅原本是一个书生，因李宪推荐做了兰州推官，但是仕途不顺，多次被降职。钟傅在镇守平凉（今甘肃省平凉县）的时候，曾经与一位道士闲游，看见一个牧童牵着一头大黄牛来到院子里。道人说此牧童会作诗，钟傅不信。牧童应道人之请，即兴作下此诗。
参考资料：
1、王伟萍．中国古代诗人的牧童情结 [J]．南都学坛 ，2012，32（4）：第43-47页.
牧童鉴赏
首句“草铺横野六七里“描述了视觉上的感受，放眼望去，原野上草色葱茏。一个“铺”字，表现出草的茂盛和草原给人的那种平缓舒服的感觉。草场的宽阔无垠为牧童的出场铺垫了一个场景。
第二句“笛弄晚风三四声。”描述了听觉上的感受，侧耳倾听，晚风中牧笛声声。一“弄”字，更显出了一种情趣，把风中笛声的时断时续、悠扬飘逸和牧童吹笛嬉戏的意味，传达出来了。笛声的悠扬悦耳，反映出晚归牧童劳作一天后的轻松闲适的心境。未见牧童，先闻其声，具有无限美好的想象空间。这里的“六七里”和“三四声”不是确指的数字，只是为了突出原野的宽阔和乡村傍晚的静寂。
第三句“归来饱饭黄昏后”，诗人笔锋一转，开始直接描写牧童，牧童吃饱了饭，已经是黄昏之后了。
末句“不脱蓑衣卧月明”描写牧童休息的情景。把以地为床，以天为帐，饥来即食，困来即眠，无牵无挂，自由自在的牧童形象刻画得活灵活现。诗人没有描写牧童躺下做什么，牧童可能是想舒展下身子，也可能是欣赏月色。诗人似乎只把他之所见如实地写了下来，却有无限的想象空间。
全诗展示了一幅鲜活的牧童晚归休憩图：原野、绿草、笛声、牧童、蓑衣和明月。诗中有景、有情，有人物、有声音，这生动的一幕，是由远及近出现在诗人的视野里的；写出了农家田园生活的恬静，也体现了牧童放牧生活的辛劳，是一首赞美劳动的短曲。草场、笛声、月夜、牧童，像一幅恬淡的水墨画，使读者的心灵感到安宁。
《牧童》一诗，不仅让读者感到了“日出而作，日落而息”的生活的安然与恬静，也让读者感受到了牧童心灵的无羁无绊，自然放松。该诗反映了诗人心灵世界的一种追求，对远离喧嚣、安然自乐的生活状态的一种向往。诗中尽道牧童生活的闲逸与舒适。此诗委婉劝说钟傅趁早离开那尔虞我诈、角名竞利的官场，回归田园，过牧童那样无欲无求的生活。在此诗中，牧童即是以智者的化身出现为迷失在宦途中的钟傅指路，而其人未必真是牧童。本诗语言朴直清新，明白如话，表现出一种“由工入微，不犯痕迹”的精湛功夫。
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吕岩简介
唐代·吕岩的简介
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吕岩，也叫做吕洞宾。唐末、五代著名道士。名□(一作□)，号纯阳子，自称回道人。世称吕祖或纯阳祖师，为民间神话故事八仙之一。较早的宋代记载，称他为“关中逸人”或“关右人”，元代以后比较一致的说法，则为河中府蒲坂县永乐镇（今属山西芮城）人，或称世传为东平（治在今山东东平）人。
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