春夜喜雨
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唐代]：杜甫
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春夜喜雨译文及注释
译文
好雨似乎会挑选时辰，降临在万物萌生之春。
伴随和风，悄悄进入夜幕。细细密密，滋润大地万物。
浓浓乌云，笼罩田野小路，点点灯火，闪烁江上渔船。
明早再看带露的鲜花，成都满城必将繁花盛开。
注释
知：明白，知道。说雨知时节，是一种拟人化的写法。
乃：就。发生：萌发生长。
发生：萌发生长。
潜（qián）：暗暗地，悄悄地。这里指春雨在夜里悄悄地随风而至。
润物：使植物受到雨水的滋养。
野径：田野间的小路。
晓：天刚亮的时候。红湿处：雨水湿润的花丛。
红湿处：指有带雨水的红花的地方。
花重：花沾上雨水而变得沉重。
重：读作zhòng（重在这里的意思是：沉重。所以读作第四声。）
锦官城：成都的别称。
参考资料：
1、萧涤非．杜甫诗选注．北京：人民文学出版社，1998：158-159
2、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：180-181
春夜喜雨创作背景
这首诗写于761年（上元二年）春。杜甫在经过一段时间的流离转徙的生活后，终因陕西旱灾而来到四川成都定居。作此诗时，他已在成都草堂定居两年。他亲自耕作，种菜养花，与农民交往，对春雨之情很深，因而写下了这首描写春夜降雨、润泽万物的美景诗作。
参考资料：
1、于海娣 等 ．唐诗鉴赏大全集 ．北京 ：中国华侨出版社 ，2010 ：180-181 ．
2、程千帆 等 ．唐诗鉴赏辞典 ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1983 ：522-523 ．
春夜喜雨鉴赏
这是描绘春夜雨景，表现喜悦心情的名作。一开头就用一个“好”字赞美“雨”。在生活里，“好”常常被用来赞美那些做好事的人。如今用“好”赞美雨，已经会唤起关于做好事的人的联想。接下去，就把雨拟人化，说它“知时节”，懂得满足客观需要。其中“知”字用得传神，简直把雨给写活了。春天是万物萌芽生长的季节，正需要下雨，雨就下起来了。它的确很“好”。
颔联写雨的“发生”，进一步表现雨的“好”，其中“潜”、“润”、“细”等字生动地写出了雨“好”的特点。雨之所以“好”，好就好在适时，好在“润物”。春天的雨，一般是伴随着和风细雨地滋润万物的。然而也有例外。有时候，它会伴随着冷风，受到冷空气影响由雨变成雪。有时候，它会伴随着狂风，下得很凶暴。这时的雨尽管下在春天，但不是典型的春雨，只会损物而不会“润物”，自然不会使人“喜”，也不可能得到“好”评。所以，光有首联的“知时节”，还不足以完全表现雨的“好”。等到第二联写出了典型的春雨──伴随着和风的细雨，那个“好”字才落实了。“随风潜入夜，润物细无声。”这仍然用的是拟人化手法。“潜入夜”和“细无声”相配合，不仅表明那雨是伴随和风而来的细雨，而且表明那雨有意“润物”，无意讨“好”。如果有意讨“好”，它就会在白天来，就会造一点声势，让人们看得见，听得清。惟其有意“润物”，无意讨“好”，它才选择了一个不妨碍人们工作和劳动的时间悄悄地来，在人们酣睡的夜晚无声地、细细地下。
雨这样“好”，就希望它下多下够，下个通宵。倘若只下一会儿，就云散天晴，那“润物”就不很彻底。诗人抓住这一点，写了颈联。在不太阴沉的夜间，小路比田野容易看得见，江面也比岸上容易辨得清。如今放眼四望，“野径云俱黑，江船火独明。”只有船上的灯火是明的。此外，连江面也看不见，小路也辨不清，天空里全是黑沉沉的云，地上也像云一样黑。看起来这雨准会下到天亮。这两句写出了夜雨的美丽景象，“黑”与“明”相互映衬，不仅点明了云厚雨足，而且给人以强烈的美感。
尾联是想象中的情景，紧扣题中的“喜”字写想象中的雨后之晨锦官城的迷人景象。如此“好雨”下上一夜，万物就都得到润泽，发荣滋长起来了。万物之一的花，最能代表春色的花，也就带雨开放，红艳欲滴。诗人说：等到明天清早去看看吧，整个锦官城（成都）杂花生树，一片“红湿”，一朵朵红艳艳、沉甸甸，汇成花的海洋。“红湿”“花重”等字词的运用，充分说明诗人体物细腻。
浦起龙说：“写雨切夜易，切春难。”这首“春夜喜雨”诗，不仅切夜、切春，而且写出了典型春雨的、也就是“好雨”的高尚品格，表现了诗人的一切“好人”的高尚人格。
诗人盼望这样的“好雨”，喜爱这们的“好雨”。所以题目中的那个“喜”字在诗里虽然没有露面，但“‘喜’意都从罅缝里迸透”（浦起龙《读杜心解》）。诗人正在盼望春雨“润物”的时候，雨下起来了，于是一上来就满心欢喜地叫“好”。第二联所写，是诗人听出来的。诗人倾耳细听，听出那雨在春夜里绵绵密密地下，只为“润物”，不求人知，自然“喜”得睡不着觉。由于那雨“润物细无声”，听不真切，生怕它停止了，所以出门去看。第三联所写，是诗人看见的。看见雨意正浓，就情不自禁地想象天明以后春色满城的美景。其无限喜悦的心情，表现得十分生动。中唐诗人李约有一首《观祈雨》：“桑条无叶土生烟，箫管迎龙水庙前。朱门几处看歌舞，犹恐春阴咽管弦。”和那些朱门里看歌舞的人相比，杜甫对春雨“润物”的喜悦之情自然也是一种很崇高的感情。
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白朴《
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天净沙·秋》
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王维《
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鸟鸣涧》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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檐栊午寂，正阴阴窥见，后堂芳树。绿遍长丛花事杳，忽见琼葩丰度。
艳雪肌肤，蕊珠标格，消尽人间暑。还忧风日，曲屏罗幕遮护。
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武功驿留题
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宋代：
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李新
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雾捲马蹄尘自起，东风送渡咸阳水。故园花木绿成围，犹向关中见桃李。
闻道春前雪最深，行人僵死薪如金。羲和不肯为日驭，潜入北海分幽阴。
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三岩诗 澹山岩
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宋代：
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卢臧
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谁开仙窟宅，非与众岩俦。树响晴翻雨，岚凉夏变秋。
禽灵啼复断，云怪吐还收。深羡群僧住，嗟予莫少留。