滥竽充数
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先秦]：韩非
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齐宣王使人吹竽，必三百人。南郭处士请为王吹竽，宣王说之，廪食以数百人。宣王死，湣王立，好一一听之，处士逃。
滥竽充数译文及注释
译文
齐宣王让人吹竽，一定要三百人的合奏。南郭处士请求给齐宣王吹竽，宣王对此感到很高兴，拿数百人的粮食供养他。齐宣王去世了，齐湣王继承王位，他喜欢听一个一个的演奏，南郭处士听后便逃走了。
注释
节选自《韩非子·内储说上》。这则寓言讽刺了无德无才、招摇撞骗的骗子，提醒人们只要严格把关，骗子就难行骗。告诉人们要有真才实学。滥：失实的，假的。竽：一种古代乐器，即大笙。“滥竽”即不会吹竽。充数：凑数。
齐宣王：战国时期齐国的国君。姓田，名辟疆。
使：让。
必：一定，必须，总是。
南郭：复姓。
处士：古代称有学问、有品德而没有做官的人为处士，相当于“先生”
请：请求，要求。
为：给，替。
说：通“悦”，对......感到高兴。
廪食（lǐn sì）以数百人：拿数百人的粮食供养他。廪：粮食。食：供养。
以：用，拿。
湣王：齐国国君，宣王的儿子，在宣王死后继位。姓田，名地或遂。
好∶喜欢，喜悦，此处是喜欢。
逃：逃跑。
立：继承王位。
竽：古代的一种乐器，像如今的笙。
滥竽充数鉴赏
古时候，齐国的国君齐宣王爱好音乐，尤其喜欢听吹竽，手下有不到300个善于吹竽的乐师。齐宣王喜欢热闹，爱摆排场，总想在人前显示做国君的威严，所以每次听吹竽的时候，总是叫这不到300个人在一起合奏给他听。
有个名叫南郭的处士听说了齐宣王的喜欢听合奏，觉得有机可乘，是个赚钱的好机会，就跑到齐宣王那里去，吹嘘自己说：“大王啊，听过我吹竽的人没有不被感动的，就是鸟兽听了也会翩翩起舞，花草听了也会合着节拍摆动，我愿把我的绝技献给大王。”齐宣王听得高兴，很爽快地收下了他，把他也编进那支300人的吹竽队中。
这以后，南郭处士就随那300人一块儿合奏给齐宣王听，和大家一样享受着优厚的待遇，心里极为得意。
其实南郭处士他压根儿就不会吹竽。每逢演奏的时候，南郭处士就捧着竽混在队伍中，人家摇晃身体他也摇晃身体，人家摆头他也摆头，脸上装出一副动情忘我的样子，看上去比别人吹奏得更投入。南郭处士就这样靠着蒙骗混过了一天又一天，不劳而获地白拿丰厚的薪水。
但是好景不长，过了几年，爱听竽合奏的齐宣王死了，他的儿子齐湣（mǐn）王继承了王位。齐湣王也爱听吹竽，但他喜欢听独奏。于是齐湣王发布了一道命令，要这300个人轮流来吹竽给他欣赏。南郭处士急得像热锅上的蚂蚁，惶惶不可终日。他想来想去，觉得这次再也混不过去了，只好连夜收拾行李逃走了。
像南郭处士这样不学无术靠蒙骗混饭吃的人，骗得了一时，骗不了一世。假的就是假的，最终会因逃不过实践的检验而被揭穿伪装。我们想要成功，唯一的办法就是勤奋学习，只有练就一身真本领，才能抵挡住一切困难、挫折和考验。
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刘开《
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问说》
韩非简介
唐代·韩非的简介
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韩非子生于周赧王三十五年（约公元前281年），卒于秦王政十四年（公元前233年），韩非为韩国公子（即国君之子），汉族，战国末期韩国人(今河南省新郑）。师从荀子，是中国古代著名的哲学家、思想家，政论家和散文家，法家思想的集大成者，后世称“韩子”或“韩非子”，中国古代著名法家思想的代表人物。
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