陈元方候袁公
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南北朝]：刘义庆
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陈元方年十一时，候袁公。袁公问曰：“贤家君在太丘，远近称之，何所履行？”元方曰：“老父在太丘，强者绥之以德，弱者抚之以仁，恣其所安，久而益敬。”袁公曰：“孤往者尝为邺令，正行此事。不知卿家君法孤，孤法卿父？”元方曰：“周公、孔子异世而出，周旋动静，万里如一。周公不师孔子，孔子亦不师周公。”
陈元方候袁公译文及注释
译文
陈元方十一岁时，去拜会袁公。袁公问：“你贤良的父亲在太丘做官，远近的人都称赞他，他到底做了些什么事情？”元方说：“我父亲在太丘，对强者用德行去安抚；对弱者用仁慈去安抚，让人们心安理得地做事，久而久之，大家就对他老人家更加敬重。”袁公说：“我曾经也当过邺县县令，正是做这样的事情。不知是你的父亲学我，还是我学你的父亲？”元方说：“周公、孔子生在不同时代，虽然时间相隔遥远，但他们的行为却是那么一致。周公没有学孔子，孔子也没有学周公。”
注释
候：拜访，问候。
履行：实施，实行。
绥：安，体恤。
孤：封建时代王侯对自己的谦称。王后、皇后对自己的尊称，还有寡人，孤家等称呼.
师：学习。
尝：曾经。
卿：客气，亲热的称呼
法：在古汉语字典里有四种解释（1）法令，制度。（2)方法，做法。（3）效法，仿效。（4）标准，法则。这里用（3）效法，仿效。
称：称赞，赞不绝口
周公：周武王的弟弟。历史上的第一代周公姓姬名旦（约公元前1100年），亦称叔旦，周文王姬昌第四子。汉族，因封地在周（今陕西省宝鸡市岐山北），故称周公或周公旦。为西周初期杰出的政治家、军事家和思想家，被尊为儒学奠基人。
周旋动静：这里指思想和行动
益：更加
以：用
恣：放纵、无拘束，这里指顺从
陈元方候袁公创作背景
《世说新语》是一部笔记小说集，此书不仅记载了自汉魏至东晋士族阶层言谈、轶事，反映了当时士大夫们的思想、生活和清谈放诞的风气，而且其语言简练，文字生动鲜活，因此自问世以来，便受到文人的喜爱和重视，戏剧、小说如关汉卿的杂剧《玉镜台》等也常常从中寻找素材。
陈元方候袁公鉴赏
袁公
比较自负，问题刁钻。如「孤往者尝为邺令，正行此事。不知卿家君法孤，孤法卿父？」这个问题很难回答，稍微不慎则颜面尽失，想是袁公并非真正想知道是谁学了谁，而是有意为难陈元方。
元方
机智应变。如「周公、孔子，异世而出，周旋动静，万里如一。周公不师孔子，孔子亦不师周公。」如此巧妙回答，既照顾了对方的尊严，又保住了自己的体面，不卑不亢落落大方，不损人也不损己，想袁公听了，定会暗暗点头称奇。
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佚名《
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刘向《
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孟母三迁》
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唐代·刘义庆的简介
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刘义庆（403—444）汉族，彭城（今江苏徐州）人。字季伯，南北朝文学家。自幼才华出众，爱好文学，并广招四方文学之士，聚于门下。刘宋宗室，袭封临川王，公元444年（元嘉21年）死于建康（今南京）。除《世说新语》外，还著有志怪小说《幽明录》。
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