登望楚山最高顶
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唐代]：孟浩然
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山水观形胜，襄阳美会稽。
最高唯望楚，曾未一攀跻。
石壁疑削成，众山比全低。
晴明试登陟，目极无端倪。
云梦掌中小，武陵花处迷。
暝还归骑下，萝月映深溪。
登望楚山最高顶译文及注释
译文
观山水重在形势之胜，襄阳之美超过会稽。
只有最高的望楚山，先前从未来攀陟。
石崖峭壁疑是刀削而成，众山同它相比全都太低。
晴朗的日子一经登上峰顶，极目远眺果然无边无际。
云梦泽只有手掌一样窄小，武陵源在繁花掩映中扑朔迷离。
黄昏后骑马下山归来，透过藤萝明月映在深溪里。
注释
望楚山：在湖北寰阳。传说周时，秦与齐、韩、魏攻楚，曾登此山以望楚，故名。
形胜：优美的风景。
会（kuài）稽（jī）：地名，秦置会稽郡，治所在吴县，地当在今江苏东南部及浙江西部。隋开皇九年（589）析山阴县置会稽县，唐因之。
攀跻（jī）：攀登。
登陟（zhì）：登上。
端倪：边际，头绪。
云梦：泽名。
武陵：此处当代指桃花源。
萝月：藤萝间的明月。
参考资料：
1、孟浩然著．孟浩然诗选：中州古籍出版社，2015.05：第43-44页
2、章培恒，安平秋，马樟根主编；邓安生，孙佩君译注．古代文史名著选译丛书 孟浩然诗选译 修订版：凤凰出版社，2011.05：第8-9页
登望楚山最高顶创作背景
开元二十年（732），诗人游吴越回襄阳，不久，他登览了襄阳城南的望楚山。环目四顾，一股对家乡的赞美之情油然升起，写下了这首诗。
参考资料：
1、孟浩然著．孟浩然诗选：中州古籍出版社，2015.05：第43-44页
2、何大华，王泽时策划；凡夫撰文；周解民绘画．诗画襄阳：珠江文艺出版社，2010.09：第53页
登望楚山最高顶鉴赏
诗以议论发端。开始两句说，要论山水的优美，襄阳远远胜过会稽（今浙江绍兴市）。会稽是古代越国的都城，以山水秀丽著称。孟浩然刚从越地而归，拿襄阳山水与会稽比较，是很自然的。前二句传达出山是故乡美的热爱故乡之情。笔锋一转，诗人的笔落在望楚山上。孟浩然喜爱游览，一生踏遍了襄阳的山山水水，这座望楚山却一直没有登览过。写未登望楚山，是为了下文写登望楚山。这样写是突出望楚山在诗人心中的地位。
五六句写远望望楚山。望楚山的石崖像刀劈那样陡峭，周围的山都伏在望楚山脚下。诗前句用比喻，后句用比较，表现望楚山的陡和高。七句到十句写登望楚山。在晴朗的天气里登上望楚山，极目远眺，一直看到天的尽头。从看得远写望楚山的高，这是从虚处落笔，让读者充分发挥想象，后两句再从实处写。极目南望，巨大的云梦泽只有巴掌大小，而桃花源隐在迷迷蒙蒙的花中。云梦是中国古代最大的湖泊，横于大江南北，方圆九百里。武陵在今湖南常德市。陶渊明《桃花源记》：“晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业。沿溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷，不复得路。”襄阳是今天湖北襄樊市，即使望得再远，也不可能望见湖南的梦泽和桃源，而且沧桑变换，唐时云梦已大多成为陆地，名存实亡。诗利用视觉的近大远小，把千里大的云梦缩成巴掌大小，把本来不可见的桃花源写得隐约可见，正是通过想象与夸张，渲染望楚山之高。一般诗写山高都是尽力夸张山如何高耸入云，而这里将云梦武陵缩小，作为望楚山的陪衬，不落窠臼，别有意趣。这样，诗在表现望楚山高的同时，也表现出诗人的高远博大的胸襟。这两句诗文辞优美，诗意盎然。
入夜，诗人才下山回家，足见诗人游兴之高，足见望楚山之令人流连忘返。接着诗人又由下山宕开，为读者展现了一幅月夜山溪图：骏马踏着银色的月光，从山上奔驰而下；月儿透过薛萝映在深深的溪流上，宛如沉璧。
诗以描写望楚山的高峻和登山的所见，描绘襄阳的江山形胜之美。诗格调冲淡，就中又“文采丰葺”（殷璠《河岳英灵集》），显出似淡实腴，“采秀内映”（《河岳英灵集》）的特色。
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题君山》
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柳宗元《
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与浩初上人同看山寄京华亲故》
孟浩然简介
唐代·孟浩然的简介
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孟浩然（689-740），男，汉族，唐代诗人。本名不详（一说名浩），字浩然，襄州襄阳（今湖北襄阳）人，世称“孟襄阳”。浩然，少好节义，喜济人患难，工于诗。年四十游京师，唐玄宗诏咏其诗，至“不才明主弃”之语，玄宗谓：“卿自不求仕，朕未尝弃卿，奈何诬我？”因放还未仕，后隐居鹿门山，著诗二百余首。孟浩然与另一位山水田园诗人王维合称为“王孟”。
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