饮酒·二十
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魏晋]：陶渊明
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羲农去我久，举世少复真。
汲汲鲁中叟，弥缝使其淳。
凤鸟虽不至，礼乐暂得新，
洙泗辍微响，漂流逮狂秦。
诗书复何罪？一朝成灰尘。
区区诸老翁，为事诚殷勤。
如何绝世下，六籍无一亲。
终日驰车走，不见所问津。
若复不快饮，空负头上巾。
但恨多谬误，君当恕醉人。
饮酒·二十译文及注释
译文
伏羲神农已遥远，世间少有人朴真。
鲁国孔子心急切，补救阙失使其淳。
虽未遇得太平世，恢复礼乐面貌新。
礼乐之乡微言绝，日月迁延至于秦。
诗书典籍有何罪？顿时被焚成灰尘。
汉初几位老儒生，传授经学很殷勤。
汉代灭亡至于今，无人再与六经亲。
世人奔走为名利，治世之道无问津。
如若不将酒痛饮，空负头上漉巾。
但恨此言多谬误，望君愿谅醉乡人。
注释
羲农：指伏羲氏、神农氏，传说中的上古帝王。去：离开。真：指真淳的社会风尚。
汲汲：心情急切的样子。鲁中叟：鲁国的老人，指孔子。弥缝：弥补，补救行事的闭失。
“凤鸟”句：凤鸟即凤凰。古人认为凤凰是祥瑞之鸟，如果凤凰出现，就预示将出现太平盛世。《论语·子罕》：“凤鸟不至，河图不出，吾已矣夫！”“礼乐”句：据《史记·孔子世家》载，“孔子之时，周室微而礼乐废”，后经孔于的补救整理，“礼乐自此可得而述”，才又得以复兴。
洙泗：二水名，在今山东省曲阜县北。孔子曾在那里教授弟子。辍（chuò）：中止，停止。微响：犹微言，指精微要妙之言。《史记·孔子世家》说“孔子没而微言绝”。漂流：形容时光的流逝。逮（dài）：至，到。狂秦：狂暴的秦朝。
“诗书”二句：指秦始皇焚书事。
区区：少，为数不多。诸老翁：指西汉初年传授经学的饱学长者，如伏生、申培、辕固生、韩婴等人。为事：指传授经学之事。
绝世：指汉代灭亡。六籍：指六经。亲：亲近。
驰车走：指追逐名利之徒奔走不息。走：奔跑。“不见”句：指没有像孔子那样为探求治世之道而奔走的人。
快饮：痛饮，畅饮。头上巾：这里特指作者所戴的漉酒巾。
多谬误：谓以上所说，多有错误不当之处。这实际上是反语，为愤激之言。
参考资料：
1、郭维森 包景诚．陶渊明集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1992：141-170
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李百药《
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郢城怀古》
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陶渊明《
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饮酒·二十》
陶渊明简介
唐代·陶渊明的简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。
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