昆仑使者
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唐代]：李贺
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昆仑使者无消息，茂陵烟树生愁色。
金盘玉露自淋漓，元气茫茫收不得。
麒麟背上石文裂，虬龙鳞下红枝折。
何处偏伤万国心，中天夜久高明月。
昆仑使者译文及注释
译文
西王母的神鸟，还没带回长生的信息，茂陵的烟树却已深染愁色。
宫中的金盘仍在承接玉露，但茫茫的元气却收取不得。
墓道上的石兽，背上早生裂纹，石雕虬龙的鳞片多半残缺。
让天下人伤心的不是别处，是陵墓上长夜高悬的明月。
注释
昆仑使者：指为西王母当信使的青鸟。《山海经·海内北经》载，西王母居昆仑山，有三只青鸟为她取食传信。又据《汉武故事》，西王母遣使见汉武帝，约期相会，武帝曾向西王母求不死之药。
茂陵：汉武帝刘彻的陵墓，在今陕西兴平县。烟树：云雾笼罩的繁茂树木，愁色：凄愁暗淡的气氛。
金盘玉露：汉武帝晚年迷信神仙，在长安的宫中筑台，上铸一尊金钢仙人，手捧铜盘，用以承接露水。按迷信说法.这种露水掺和玉屑服用，可以长生。淋漓：指露珠沾湿或流滴的样子。
元气：指天地间之精气。方士认为服吸它可长生不老。
麒麟（qí lín）：古代传说中的一种珍异祥瑞之兽。这里指陵墓前的石麒麟。
虬（qiú）龙：这里指寝殿丹漆柱上雕刻的龙。虬：传说中的无角龙。
万国：即九州。指中国各地。
中天：天中，指茂陵上空。
参考资料：
1、李贺，《三家评注李长吉歌诗》，王琦，上海古籍出版社，2009年8月，ISBN：9787532525218。
2、滕学钦疏译．李贺诗歌全集简疏：中国书店，2010.09,：第319页
昆仑使者创作背景
《昆仑使者》是李贺以反对求仙为主题的诗歌中的一首。当时的唐宪宗李纯妄想长生，听信和重用一些道人方士。想学汉武帝一样派遣使臣出使昆仑，开通西域，广求珍异，期冀长生。李贺则运用借古喻今的手法创作出这首诗，实际上是为了对李纯的讽刺和劝解。
参考资料：
1、吴企明编选．李贺集：凤凰出版社，2007.10,：第183页
昆仑使者鉴赏
这首诗采用了借古讽今的手法，借写汉武帝求仙徒劳，来嘲讽唐宪宗服药石以求长生，荒诞误国，对古今帝王追求神仙长生的愚妄行为，进行了辛辣的讽刺。
首联“昆仑使者无消息，茂陵烟树生愁色”起笔徐纡，“无消息”与“生愁色。相对，既把诗的背景追溯到神话传说之中，又把关注的焦点集中到汉武帝刘彻身上。尽管汉武帝生前追求长生不死，喝玉露，吸元气，但结果还是葬身茂陵，与世长辞。这说明人类无法抗拒生老病死的自然规律。
颔联“金盘玉露自淋漓，元气茫茫收不得”虽无“愁”字却延续了愁意。“愁”是诗人精心结构的意象。西王母的青鸟没有带回长生的消息是一愁，金盘承露，服食无法长生又是一愁。其愁的延长，那茂陵破败的景象无不给人以惊心动魄之感。因而，诗人认为最使人感到伤悲的，是茂陵上空高照的明月。言外之意，最可叹的是汉武帝求长生的徒劳。唐人有借汉说唐的习惯，因此，对汉武帝的讽刺实际上是有现实针对性的。
“麒麟背上石文裂，虬龙鳞下红枝折”两句说明自然界一切物质都在变化发展，巨石造成的麒麟天长日久也会崩裂，雕刻在粗大宫柱上的虬龙总有一天会肢体断折。可见那种所谓长生不老的想法是十分荒谬的。这反映了李贺的朴素唯物主义思想。
末句是说只有这轮光照千古的明月，阅尽人间沧桑，是汉武帝求长生未遂的见证人，也是当今君王执迷此道而荒误国政的见证人，汉武帝虽然有求仙的迷信思想，但毕竟还不失为在历史上起过进步作用的新兴地主阶级的杰出政治家，因此，作者在诗中也表现出对他有所惋惜。
这首诗从歌颂汉武帝的雄图大略入手，却感叹人之生老病死不可抗拒。这是借汉武帝来讽刺唐宪宗的痴心妄想，意在反对服药石以求长生这类荒诞无稽之事。此诗意境悲凉，笔势奇崛，情致冷峭。
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饮酒·二十》
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陆龟蒙《
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离骚》
李贺简介
唐代·李贺的简介
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李贺（约公元791年-约817年），字长吉，汉族，唐代河南福昌（今河南洛阳宜阳县）人，家居福昌昌谷，后世称李昌谷，是唐宗室郑王李亮后裔。有“诗鬼”之称，是与“诗圣”杜甫、“诗仙”李白、“诗佛”王维相齐名的唐代著名诗人。著有《昌谷集》。李贺是中唐的浪漫主义诗人，与李白、李商隐称为唐代三李。有“‘太白仙才，长吉鬼才’之说。李贺是继屈原、李白之后，中国文学史上又一位颇享盛誉的浪漫主义诗人。李贺长期的抑郁感伤，焦思苦吟的生活方式，元和八年（813年）因病辞去奉礼郎回昌谷，27岁英年早逝。
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