蟾宫曲·金陵怀古
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元代]：卢挚
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记当年六代豪夸，甚江令归来，玉树无花？商女歌声，台城畅望，淮水烟沙。问江左风流故家，但夕阳衰草寒鸦。隐映残霞，寥落归帆，呜咽鸣笳。
蟾宫曲·金陵怀古译文及注释
译文
记得六朝时的金陵，是多么显耀豪华！为何江令归来以后，竟满城衰败无花？隔江犹听亡国歌女的声声卖唱，台城远望秦淮河水的渺渺烟沙，问金陵旧时的豪门如今都在哪里？只见夕阳斜照下的一片枯草，飞来飞去的几点寒鸦；残霞掩映中的寥落归帆，伴着呜咽悲凉的胡笳。
注释
双调：宫调名。十二宫调之一，双调为元曲常用宫调。
蟾宫曲：曲牌名，属北曲双调。小令兼用。又名“折桂令”“步蟾宫”“东风第一枝”。
六代：指三国时的吴、东晋及南朝的宋、齐、梁、陈，它们都以建康（今江苏南京）为都城，历史上合称“六朝”。豪夸：竞相夸耀奢侈豪华。
江令：指江总，陈代文学家，字总持，济阳考城（今河南省兰考县东）人，仕梁、陈、隋三朝。陈时官至尚书令，世称“江令”，然而他却不理朝政，日与孔范等陪侍陈后主游宴后宫，制作艳词，荒嬉无度，时号“狎客”。
玉树无花：即指由陈后主亲自创作的曲子《玉树后庭花》，它历来被看作是亡国之音。
商女：歌女。
台城：六朝时的禁城，三国时期为东吴后苑所在，遗址在今南京市玄武湖畔。
江左：即江东，今江苏一带，此专指金陵。风流故家：指六朝显赫一时的王、谢家族。
参考资料：
1、元明清散曲观止编委会．元明清散曲观止．上海：学林出版社，2015：11
2、蒋星煜 等．元曲鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1990：1459
3、解玉峰 编注．元曲三百首．北京：中华书局，2016：23
4、彭久安 译注．元代散曲选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1994：38
蟾宫曲·金陵怀古创作背景
此曲当作于元武宗至大二年（1309年），当时卢挚在江东道廉访使任上。他来到金陵，登台远眺，眼见当年显赫一时的王、谢歌台，只剩下残阳下衰草凄迷，寒鸦哀鸣。面对着那寥落归帆，耳听着那呜咽胡笳，他感慨万分，写出了这支曲子。
参考资料：
1、元明清散曲观止编委会．元明清散曲观止．上海：学林出版社，2015：11
2、彭万隆 张永红.卢挚生平几个疑难问题再考辨第.浙江工业大学学报(社会科学版) ,2015,14(2) :143-150
蟾宫曲·金陵怀古鉴赏
这是一支小令，是一首寓意深刻的怀古之作。全曲内容共分三个层次。
开头三句为第一层，缅怀往昔。一般文人登临怀古，都是触景生情，面对江山发思古之幽情。这首小令一开始就将读者引入千年前的历史氛围中：“记当年六代豪夸，甚江令归来，玉树无花？”在金陵建过都城的六个朝代，都竞相夸耀自己奢侈豪华。这层曲的意思是，在这六朝竞相夸耀奢侈豪华的金陵，当年陈朝的江总，回来后为什么再也听不到《玉树后庭花》的歌曲了呢？这就是说，六代的最后一个王朝，已是繁华销歇，江河日下，并隐含有责备陈代君臣荒淫无度、误国害民的弦外之音。
接着三句为第二层，写作者似仍沉浸在历史的反思之中，耳边仍萦绕着歌女们《玉树后庭花》的靡靡之音。当登上台城纵情眺望之时，他眼前便展现出一片辽阔无垠的江淮原野。这就是：“商女歌声，台城畅望，淮水烟沙。”以上三句化用刘禹锡《台城》诗：“台城六代竞豪华，结绮临春事最奢。万户千门成野草，只缘一曲《后庭花》”。
最后五句是曲子的第三层，作者面对如画的大好河山，生发无限感慨。这一层曲词的意思是，试问当年世代相传的大贵族世家哪里去了？只剩下夕阳、衰草、寒鸦，一派深秋的黄昏景象。在晚霞的映照下，大江之中，归帆点点，凄凉寥落，胡笳呜鸣，显然已是元代蒙古人的天下！故国之思尽在不言中。这几句写得情景交融。
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卢挚《
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蟾宫曲·京口怀古·镇江》
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乔吉《
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折桂令·毗陵晚眺》
卢挚简介
唐代·卢挚的简介
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卢挚（1242-1314），字处道，一字莘老；号疏斋，又号蒿翁。元代涿郡（今河北省涿县）人。至元5年(1268)进士，任过廉访使、翰林学士。诗文与刘因、姚燧齐名，世称“刘卢”、“姚卢”。与白朴、马致远、珠帘秀均有交往。散曲如今仅存小令。著有《疏斋集》（已佚）《文心选诀》《文章宗旨》,传世散曲一百二十首。有的写山林逸趣，有的写诗酒生活，而较多的是“怀古”，抒发对故国的怀念。今人有《卢疏斋集辑存》，《全元散曲》录存其小令。
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