闽中秋思
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唐代]：杜荀鹤
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雨匀紫菊丛丛色，风弄红蕉叶叶声。
北畔是山南畔海，只堪图画不堪行。
闽中秋思译文及注释
译文
秋雨使丛丛紫菊颜色浓淡均匀，金风吹拂片片红蕉叶飒飒有声。
闽中北面是高山南临汹涌大海，便于成图作画而道路崎岖难行。
注释
北畔是山：指闽中地势，北边是连绵的山脉。南畔海：指闽中南边是波涛汹涌的大海。
只堪：只能的意思。图画：指画画。不堪行：指行走起来十分困难。
闽中秋思鉴赏
诗的开篇，即写闽中秋景。诗人以极为细腻的笔触，以雨中紫菊的艳丽色彩和风里红蕉的清脆乐音，新鲜生动地写出了南国特点。前句的一个“匀”字，极准确地勾画出雨的细密，雨的轻柔。在那动人的丛丛紫菊前，雨是那样的温情而善解花意，是它，将那大片大片的紫菊之色，浸淫得浓淡均匀，让人赏心悦目；而后句的“弄”字，则以拟人的手法将“风”人格化。闭着眼想想，风吹红蕉，蕉叶声声有韵，这该是怎么的一种情致。这样的一幅声色俱备的图画，是很容易让人陶醉的。
接下来的三、四两句，诗人有意地拓开一笔，将笔触延伸到人们的目力的尽处：“北畔是山南畔海”，诗句看似极为平实，却高度地概括出闽中的地势：北边是山，山道弯弯；南边是海，海浪滔滔。风景美妙得可以入画，可以为诗，可以作为旁观者兴奋地指手画脚，可是，真的走马行船却实在不易。于是，便有了结句的“只堪图画不堪行”。这不仅是诗人由衷地慨叹，也是全诗旨意之所在。
诗为诗人客中之作，描摹的也是客地之美景，而透过这些“紫”、“红”的耀眼色彩，透过那些音韵和谐的声响，不难发现，诗人抒写的，原来是浓浓的思乡情怀，诗人笔下的景色，也都不知觉地印上了深深的乡愁的印记。于是，“菊”也好，“蕉”也好，乃至那“山”，那“海”，都成为诗人一种情感的载体，成为诗人以景抒情的绝佳选择。这就是所谓“虽信美而非吾土兮，曾何足以少留”之意了。
诗人跋涉异乡，旅途艰辛，又恰逢秋日，慨然而萌怀乡之感，则成为一种必然。可诗人在诗中，却有意识地不直接言明，而是将极和谐的风景与不堪行走的矛盾娓娓地道出，从而形成强烈的对比，借此，含蓄地表达出诗人缘于内心深处的隐痛。于是，一种叫作“乡愁”的东西，也就隐逸于其中，弥漫于其中。
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李中《
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钟陵禁烟寄从弟》
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张炎《
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鹧鸪天·楼上谁将玉笛吹》
杜荀鹤简介
唐代·杜荀鹤的简介
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杜荀鹤(846～904)，唐代诗人。字彦之，号九华山人。汉族，池州石埭（今安徽石台）人。大顺进士，以诗名，自成一家，尤长于宫词。大顺二年，第一人擢第，复还旧山。宣州田頵遣至汴通好，朱全忠厚遇之，表授翰林学士、主客员外郎、知制诰。恃势侮易缙绅，众怒，欲杀之而未及。天祐初卒。自序其文为《唐风集》十卷，今编诗三卷。事迹见孙光宪《北梦琐言》、何光远《鉴诫录》、《旧五代史·梁书》本传、《唐诗纪事》及《唐才子传》。
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叶颙
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