闻雁
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唐代]：韦应物
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闻雁译文及注释
译文
故园远隔云山究竟在何处？归思悠长上心头情满胸怀。
淮南秋雨绵绵的漫漫长夜，高斋独坐听雁声阵阵传来。
注释
故园：指作者在长安的家。眇（miǎo）：仔细地察看。
方：刚开始。悠：远。
淮南：作者所在地滁州（今安徽省滁州市，位于淮河南岸）。
高斋：楼阁上的书房。闻雁：听到北来的雁叫声。
闻雁创作背景
唐德宗建中四年（783），韦应物由尚书比部员外郎出任滁州刺史。首夏离京，秋天到任。这首《闻雁》大约就是他抵滁后不久写的。
参考资料：
1、沈德潜《高诗别裁》
闻雁鉴赏
“故园眇何处，归思方悠哉。”首二句言诗人雨夜思归。秋天的雨夜漫长而又寂寥，诗人独坐在高斋之中，孤灯长伴，孤影为侣，静静地听着外面渐渐沥沥的秋雨。窗外一片漆黑，只有雨打梧桐的声音。孤清的夜，深秋的凄寒，还有空寂的高斋，在这样一种萧瑟凄寂的环境气氛之中，诗人不免要触动羁旅他乡、远游为宦的思乡情思。诗人的家乡在长安，而此时却在远离家乡两千余里的滁州为官，“眇”字反映诗人内心的无奈情态，因为云山阻隔、归路迢递，即使在白天登楼引颈也无法看到故园，更何况是暗夜沉沉。故园的渺远，本来就和归思的悠长构成正比，再加上这漫漫长夜、绵绵秋雨，就更使这“归思”无穷无已、悠然不尽了。“方悠”二字表明清寂的氛围，加深了思乡之愁。“哉”是诗人久恩难平的叹息，这个长长的叹息，道尽了无尽思念的深渊。
“淮南秋雨夜，高斋闻雁来。”这两句言闻雁而归思愈浓。“淮南”与第一句的“故园”相对，由思念中的故园回到今天为宦的淮南，落笔高妙。“秋雨”交待独坐时的清凉环境，“夜”既是表明时间很晚，是夜深人静的时候，也从侧面显露诗人贬谪滁州的苦痛如同黑夜一般。正当怀乡之情不能自控的时候，独坐高斋的诗人又听到了自远而近的雁叫声。这声音在寂寥的秋雨之夜，显得分外凄清，撩动诗人无尽的乡愁，使因思乡而永夜不寐的诗人浮想联翩，触绪万端，更加悲怆万分。诗写到这里，戛然而止，对“闻雁”而引起的感触不着一字，留下的是“此时无声胜有声”的结尾。
沈德潜《说诗晬语》云：“五言绝句，右丞之自然，太白之高妙，苏州之古澹，并入化机。”“古澹”很好地概括了韦应物五言绝句的风格特征。在这首诗中，体现了诗人古澹的艺术风格。整首诗是一幅清淡的思乡图，清冷的夜晚，清凄的秋风，清寒的秋雨，清寂的高斋和清孤的人影，构成一种高古澹远的意境。此诗结构巧夺天工，含蓄委婉，先写“故园”，后写“淮南”，先托出“悠”思，后衬以“雁”鸣，就是在这样巧妙的安排中，使诗歌很短，但人的情思却句句深入，层层递进。另外，诗歌的情思表面触发的是乡愁，但结合诗人被贬滁州的事实。还可以从诗歌中体会出诗人对现实的不满情绪，这种情绪又完美地融入到萧瑟凄清的秋声秋意之中。
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曹植《
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杂诗七首》
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方岳《
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清明日舟次吴门》
韦应物简介
唐代·韦应物的简介
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韦应物（737～792），中国唐代诗人。汉族，长安(今陕西西安)人。今传有10卷本《韦江州集》、两卷本《韦苏州诗集》、10卷本《韦苏州集》。散文仅存一篇。因出任过苏州刺史，世称“韦苏州”。诗风恬淡高远，以善于写景和描写隐逸生活著称。
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