三山望金陵寄殷淑
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唐代]：李白
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三山怀谢脁，水澹望长安。
芜没河阳县，秋江正北看。
卢龙霜气冷，鳷鹊月光寒。
耿耿忆琼树，天涯寄一欢。
三山望金陵寄殷淑译文及注释
译文
登上三山远怀谢眺，波水澹静眺望金陵。
我如同在荒芜的河阳的潘岳远望京城，秋日站在江边向北看去。
卢龙关塞霜气冷寂，鹩鹊观上月光寒冷。
诚心诚意怀念友人，相隔天涯同期一欢。
注释
三山：在南京附近的长江边上。金陵：今南京。殷淑，道士李含光门人，道号中林子。
谢脁：南朝齐诗人，有《晚登三山还望京邑》诗。
澹：水势平静。长安：代指金陵。王粲《七哀》：“南登霸陵岸，回首望长安。”此用其意。
河阳：今河南孟县。晋人潘岳有《河阳县作》，其中有“引领望京室”句。
卢龙：在金陵西。
鳷鹊：汉代长安观名。
琼树：指友人。
参考资料：
1、詹福瑞．李白诗全译．石家庄市：河北人民出版社，1997年：528页
三山望金陵寄殷淑鉴赏
首联所写登三山、望金陵与谢脁所作的《晚登三山还望京邑》相同，借用谢脁诗句，以长安代指金陵，即地即景即事自然而生的缅怀古人之情十分熨贴而浓郁。“水澹”是描绘江水恬静的样子，变绘形态为绘色彩。
颔联“芜”是繁草丛生之貌，“河阳县”位今河南省孟县西，谓谢脁《晚登三山还望京邑》诗次句“河阳望京县”，以河阳代指三山，李白循此。此联承首联“望长安（金陵）”，意为登上繁茂草木掩映下的三山，面对大江秋色而北望金陵。这一联中，不仅有“芜没”的“河阳”，秋日的大江，更有在这寥廓江山中引领北望的诗人形象。无论是葱茏的三山、旷远的秋江还是凝望的诗人，都隐含着深深的情意。此句联系诗题“寄殷淑“可以体味出诗人寄托的是思友之情。在这一联，诗人的登临之意已由首联的缅怀古人而暗暗地向思念友人过渡。
颈联“卢龙”即卢龙山，与三山同在当时的昇州，临大江，远接金陵，此处用以代指望中之金陵；“鳷鹊”本鸟名，南朝时金陵建有鳷鹊楼，此处亦用以代指望中之金陵。“霜气冷”，“月光寒”均借助于人的感受来写景，它与上联的“秋”字相呼应，透出遥望金陵所见的一片寒凉冷寂之气。以凄凉索寞的哀景引出孤独凄凉的思友意境。这一联表面并未明言思念友人，而思念之情浸溶于景中，显得更为深沉而浓挚。
尾联，思友之情由暗转明。“琼树”本是树的美称，此处用以比喻殷淑美好的人品。此联意为自己真诚地忆念着友人，将寄诗天涯，使远离的友人得到一点友情的欢慰。在这一联中，诗人的“耿耿”之情，友人的“琼树”之美，相隔“天涯”之远，寄上“一欢”之慰，把友情推向了至深至浓至切的境地。
这首诗化用了谢脁《晚登三山还望京邑》的诗题，也借鉴了谢脁诗首二句的句意，且同为抒写愁怀。谢脁诗写思故乡之恋，李白诗写故友之思；二者所寄情不同。李白这首诗写秋夜哀景，景中有哀情，景又正衬其衰情；又以“琼树”、“一欢”作结，留给人的是飘逸之态。四联中起承转合关系中包蕴感情变化。
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黄庭坚《
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寄黄几复》
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李白《
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淮海对雪赠傅霭》
李白简介
唐代·李白的简介
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李白（701年－762年），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。祖籍陇西成纪(待考)，出生于西域碎叶城，4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。
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