忆秦娥·秋萧索
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宋代]：黄机
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离愁不管人飘泊。年年孤负黄花约。黄花约。几重庭院，几重帘幕。
忆秦娥·秋萧索译文及注释
译文
秋天的景象萧索，西风凄厉，使梧桐落尽叶子，又送来了几声新燕的鸣叫声，几声稀疏的号角声。秋景秋声都那么悲凉，促动游子思归的心。四处漂泊，又加上离愁时时压着心头。当初分别时曾相约在秋天菊花盛开时重逢，然而年年辜负了这约会的日期，无法相见。遥想在那深深的庭院里、重重的帘幕内，对方一定不知怎样地在忍受着这相思的煎熬和独处的寂寞。
注释
⑴孤负：辜负。
⑵黄花：菊花。
忆秦娥·秋萧索鉴赏
这首词写游子的伤秋怀人之情。首句写出了独处孤旅，双在秋风叶落之时萦绕于游子心中的渴求温暖的呼唤，为古今诗词的一个历久常新的主题的定下了萧杀的基调。接着便展开具体描绘。“一叶落，天下尽知秋”，秋天，本来就容易引起离人的愁绪，更何况此时此刻已不是黄叶方飘的初秋，而是“梧桐落尽”的深秋呢？词人于“西风”下着一“恶”字，感情色彩十分强烈。然而“西风”之“恶”还不止于落尽梧桐而已，作者巧借此调叠句之格，在强调“西风恶”三字后，又引出“数声新雁，数声残角”，幽咽凄厉，声声扣击着游子的心扉。这样，整个上片写出了一派浓重的秋意，为下文写游子的愁绪渲染了氛围。梧桐叶落、西风、雁声等意象的描写，为下阙游子的孤寂之情的抒发，奠定了基调。“离愁不管人飘泊”。离愁，本是游子心中所生，这里却将它拟人化，“离愁”完全不顾及游子四处飘泊的痛苦处境，久久不去，折磨着人的心灵。“不管”二字，包含着多少无可奈何之情！“年年孤负黄花约”，游子的离愁如此难以排遣，原来更有着期约难践的歉疚。想当初，临别这际，自己与恋人相约在菊花开放的的秋天重逢。可是，花开几度，人别数载，事与愿违，年年负约，每念及此，怎不令人肝肠寸断！紧接着，作者又用叠句将笔触伸向天边，从恋人的角度写情。有味的是，作者只是描写了她的居处：“几重庭院，几重帘幕”。然后，戛然而止，这就给读者留下了驰骋想象的余地。那深深庭院里、重重帘幕中的人儿是怎样忍受着相思的煎熬和独处的孤寂，年复一年地翘首盼望游子归来，已是不言而喻了。总之，此篇以直笔写游子离愁，以墨写闺人之幽怨，两地相思，一种情愫，在萧杀秋景的环境中，更显得深挚动人。
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白居易《
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为薛台悼亡》
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李贺《
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秋来》
黄机简介
唐代·黄机的简介
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黄机，字几仲（一作几叔），号竹斋。南宋婺州东阳（今属浙江）人。曾仕州郡，也是著名诗人。著有《竹斋诗余》、《霜天晓角·仪真江上夜泊》等。
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庞蕴
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