山坡羊·晨鸡初叫
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
元代]：陈草庵
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
晨鸡初叫，昏鸦争噪。那个不去红尘闹？
路迢迢，水迢迢，功名尽在长安道。
今日少年明日老。山，依旧好；人，憔悴了。
山坡羊·晨鸡初叫译文及注释
译文
从早晨雄鸡初叫，到黄昏乌鸦不停地聒噪。世上有哪一个人不去名利场上奔波？
道路遥遥万里，江水千里迢迢，为了求取功名人们苦苦跋涉在长安道上。
今天的少年明天就会衰老。江山依旧那样美好；可人的容颜却憔悴不堪了。
注释
红尘：佛家称人世间为红尘。此指纷扬的尘土，喻世俗热闹繁华之地，亦比喻名利场。
长安：今陕西西安，汉唐京都，此泛指京城。
山坡羊·晨鸡初叫鉴赏
这是陈草庵写的调寄【中吕】山坡羊的二十六首小令中的第二十二首。该曲起笔就用两个精工的对偶句，画出两个著名的历史人物的醉睡图：一个是贪图酗酗大醉的陶潜，一个是贪图昏昏大睡的陈抟。“图醉”和“贪睡”，互文见义，极力渲染出他们醉了即睡、睡醒又醉的狂态。他们这种放浪形骸的狂态，是无法为元代那些追名逐利之徒所理解的。“此时人”，指作者所处的元代社会中那些为名利而角逐的人；“当时意”，指陶潜、陈抟当时那样做的用意。“此时人”与“当时意”用“不解”二字勾连起来，形成对比强烈的的句中对。这就使读者急于知道何以“不解”，“当时意”又是指何而言，从而吸引读者往下看。
“志相违，事难随”，这两个句短音促的对偶句，不加雕饰地对上述问题作出了答案。原来那位被锺嵘《诗品》称之为“古今隐逸诗人之宗”的东晋大诗人陶渊明，在任彭泽令时，由于郡遣督邮至县，县吏谓应束带见之，而叹曰：“我岂能为五斗米，折腰向乡里小儿！”即日解印去职，赋《归去来兮辞》以明志，家居安贫乐道，以诗酒自娱，终生不再出仕。而那位自号扶摇子的后唐失意举子陈抟，先后隐居五当山、华山学道，一睡常百余日不起，自后晋、后汉以后，每闻一朝兴亡，就心有不悦而攒眉蹙额好多天。等到赵匡胤登帝位，方笑道：“天下自此定矣！”后被宋太宗赐号希夷先生，道家称之为陈抟老祖。渊明图醉，乃在于他那高洁的志趣与世俗的现实相矛盾，只好有如昭明太子所说“寄酒为迹”（萧统《陶渊明集序》）；陈抟贪睡，乃在于他登上仕途之事难以在政治污浊的乱世实现，只好走他隐居避世的道路。他们既对现实感到不满，而又无力变革现实，所以“不由他醉了齁齁睡”就事在必然了。“他”，此指“他们”，合写陶潜和陈抟；“齁齁”（hōùhōu），形容鼻息声。这里不仅用“醉”和“睡”照应开头两句，为他们洁身自好而甘于寂寞合写一笔，而且用“不由”二字将志事不合的必然情态一语道尽，从而点明了“当时意”的内涵，解开了“此时人”从追名逐利的角度无法理解“当时意”之谜。
曲意至此，已经豁然。但作者并不满足，更用“今日世途非向日：贤，谁问你；愚，谁问你！”再推进一竿，使“叹世”的主题鲜明而又尖锐地摊在读者面前。如果说“向日”（即“昔日”）陶潜、陈抟采用“醉”、“睡”的方式敝屣世俗，终于赢得贤者、高士的美名，那么“今日”的“世途”（即“世道”，指社会状况）更非昔比，无论你贤也好，愚也好，竟达到无人过问的地步。昔已不堪，何况今不如昔，贤愚不分，正邪颠倒，这是什么样的世道，作者先用“今日”与“向日”这两个句中对作今昔对比，再用“贤，谁问你”与“愚，谁问你”这两个对偶句概括现实，并在整体上用前面六句对结尾三句进行反衬，从而将作者愤世嫉俗的一腔怨气喷发净尽，使全曲层层推进的波澜涌向了高潮，十分辛辣地对当时社会的一个侧面进行了讽刺。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
姚燧《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
阳春曲·笔头风月时时过》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
李白《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
前有一樽酒行二首》
陈草庵简介
唐代·陈草庵的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
陈草庵（1245——约1330），名英，字彦卿，号草庵，大都（今北京市）人，生平事迹不详，元代散曲作家。曾任监察御史，中丞等职。现存小令二十六首。元·钟嗣成《录鬼簿》称其“陈草庵中丞”，名列前辈名公之中。孙楷第《元曲家考略》以为陈草庵名英，曾任宣抚，延初拜河南省左丞。门岿继考其人，名英，字彦卿，号草庵，析津（今北京）人。元代张养浩《云庄类稿》卷九《析津陈氏先茔墓碑铭》引陈英自述，叙其家世及任职历程甚详（见《元曲百家纵论》第七三页），可备一说。其存曲多愤世嫉俗之作。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
秋夕书事
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
陆游
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
寂寂青枫岸，萧萧白版扉。
端居常嬾动，偶出却忘归。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
投项子京
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
吴孺子
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
湖上梅花出短墙，一开半落湖水香。
春阳羞涩杏花细，桃花李花亦不忙。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
醉落魄
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
周紫芝
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
柳边池阁。晚来卷地东风恶。人生不解频行乐。昨日花开，今日风吹落。
杨花却似人飘泊。春云更似人情薄。如今始信从前错。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
挽王西樵司勋 其一
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
清代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
李天馥
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
消息惊传《鵩赋》成，悠悠天道意难平。不禁秋夜汍澜泪，何限春明缟纻情。
《十笏》缥缃空旧草，百年霜露又前生。觥船遽觉司勋梦，无复江湖载酒行。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
种杉
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
吴琏
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
儿孙生计薄，辟地种杉松。伐树深劳念，诛茅亦费工。
清清怡望眼，小小寄吟踪。直待成梁栋，时方记老翁。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
宝气亭三首
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
赵蕃
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/invt-hz.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
徐家笔力见南唐，今代更推江夏黄。
屹立二碑端不朽，未输滕阁擅三王。