沁园春·记上层楼
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宋代]：陈人杰
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予弱冠之年，随牒江东漕闱，尝与友人暇日命酒层楼。不惟钟阜、石城之胜，班班在目，而平淮如席，亦横陈樽俎间。既而北历淮山，自齐安溯江泛湖，薄游巴陵，又得登岳阳楼，以尽荆州之伟观。孙刘虎视遗迹依然，山川草木，差强人意。洎回京师，日诣丰乐楼以观西湖。因诵友人“东南妩媚，雌了男儿”之句，叹息者久之。酒酣，大书东壁，以写胸中之勃郁。时嘉熙庚子秋季下浣也。
记上层楼，与岳阳楼，酾酒赋诗。望长山远水，荆州形胜，夕阳枯木，六代兴衰。扶起仲谋，唤回玄德，笑杀景升豚犬儿。归来也，对西湖叹息，是梦耶非？
诸君傅粉涂脂，问南北战争都不知。恨孤山霜重，梅凋老叶；平堤雨急，柳泣残丝。玉垒腾烟，珠淮飞浪，万里腥风送鼓鼙。原夫辈，算事今如此，安用毛锥？
沁园春·记上层楼译文及注释
译文
我曾经和朋友们在闲暇的时间登上高楼，叫人备酒。不仅钟阜石城的景色历历在目、明朗清楚，而且淮河平静无浪，像是席子一样，近在咫尺。我还向北游历了淮山，走过齐安，洞庭湖，泛游了巴陵郡登上了岳阳楼，看尽了荆州所有的雄伟风景。孙权、刘备如虎之雄视遗迹的场景依然在眼前，山河草木大体上还能使人满意。到了京都，前往丰乐楼去看西湖之景。因为诵读了朋友“东南妩媚，雌了男儿”的句子，人们叹息了许久。酒醉后，往东边墙壁上大肆挥毫，写出胸中郁闷之气。正值理宗嘉熙四年秋季的下旬。
曾记得，年少时远游各地，登建康的高楼与湖南岳阳楼，饮酒赋诗的兴致。望连绵高山和远去的江水，显示出荆州的优越地势，看落日余晖映照枯黄的树木，不禁感叹六朝的兴盛与衰退。应扶起孙权，唤回刘备，把刘表的猪狗儿都笑个死。回到京师临安，面对着西湖叹息，这是在做梦不是？
诸君只顾涂抹脂粉百事不问，就连南北战争都不知。恨孤山的白霜太厚，使梅花凋零老了叶子；平堤上的雨下得太急，使柳条衰残像在哭泣。垒山烽烟腾起，淮河水飞溅恶浪，万里腥风送来战鼓声不息。想如今国事已败坏至此，怎用得上文人去耍笔杆子！
注释
沁园春：词牌名，双调，一百一十四字。上片十三句，四平韵；下片十二句，五平韵。
弱冠之年：古时男子满二十岁时举行冠礼，故称二十岁为弱冠之年。
随牒江东漕闱（cáowéi）：指参加江南东路漕司所举办的牒试。牒试相当于省试，参加者为官员子弟。
钟阜（fù）：即钟山。石城：即石头城。均在建康（今江苏南京市）。
樽俎（zūn zǔ）：古代盛酒食的器物。
齐安：黄州的古称。治所在今湖北黄冈县。
巴陵：郡名。治所在今湖南岳阳市。
洎（jì）：及，到。
诣：往，到。丰乐楼：在临安丰豫门外。原名众乐亭，后改为耸翠楼。
嘉熙庚子：即理宗嘉熙四年（1240）。下浣：下旬。
景升：东汉末刘表，字景升，曾任荆州刺史。
玉垒：玉垒山，在四川茂汶羌族自治县。
珠淮：指淮河。
鼓鼙（pí）：战鼓。鼙，为骑兵用的小鼓。
原夫辈：指文墨之士。原夫，为程试律赋中之起转语助词。
毛锥：毛笔。
参考资料：
1、金志奎．宋词名家名作三百首诠释赏析：武汉出版社，2010.08：第580页
2、喻朝刚，周航主编．中华文化的传世经典 宋词观止 九 注释 解说 集评：大众文艺出版社，2009.04：第1537页
沁园春·记上层楼创作背景
嘉熙四年（1240年），蒙古侵略军正从东西两面对南宋发起进攻，国家处于风雨飘摇之中。而南宋当局却依然沉酣于湖山之乐，士大夫们“傅粉涂脂”，穷奢极侈，连南北之间正在进行生死存亡的激战都不知道。对此，作者满怀悲愤和忧虑，在丰乐楼上题写了这首抒发胸中勃郁之气的《沁园春》。
参考资料：
1、喻朝刚，周航主编．中华文化的传世经典 宋词观止 九 注释 解说 集评：大众文艺出版社，2009.04：第1537页
沁园春·记上层楼鉴赏
上片写作者游历所引起的感慨。开头三句总叙游历江淮和荆湖期间的豪情逸兴。“望长山远水”四句分两处表述：一是游荆湖登岳阳楼所见。那荆州一带雄伟秀丽的景象和开阔的境界，激励着作者对祖国山河的热爱和赞美之情；二在南京“尝与友人命酒层楼”，目睹山河之胜，可却从“夕阳枯木”的凄凉景色中，不禁触发他感叹起建都金陵的“六代兴衰”来。在回溯六朝的历史中，作者又由六朝故物，“孙、刘虎视遗迹”回忆起三国的英雄。由今思古，由物及人，“扶起仲谋”三句，表达他对吴主孙权和蜀主刘备的无限怀念，仰慕他们的雄才大略和英雄业绩，鄙视刘琮的庸懦无能，并以此反衬孙、刘。因此，“扶起”、“唤回”与“笑杀”，表现他对历史人物的鲜明态度。由此人们可以看到作者对现实的用心：他恨南宋王朝最高统治者的无能，而渴望有孙、刘这样的贤君来当政，也鄙视、痛恨像刘琮那样当权的投降派。含义是深刻的，起着影射现实的作用。“归来也”三句进而写他从巴陵回到京都临安，诵了友人“东南妩媚，雌了男儿”之句后的感触。把他对现实的感伤，全部蕴藏在“叹息”二字里，从而自然地过渡到下片。国势日非，可南宋统治者仍纸醉金迷，西湖内外，一派歌舞升平景象，使得作者感到忧伤。歇拍句“是梦耶非”不过是以不肯定的语气，来肯定归来所见所感的真切罢了，对比在金陵的所见所感，起着感情的深化作用，讽刺意味是浓郁的。
下片直抒自己对南宋君臣文恬武嬉、歌舞湖山的愤慨。“诸君傅粉涂脂”九句，承“对西湖叹息”，由“人”及“物”具体展开描述，来说明“叹息”的原因：首先是南宋统治阶级只知游山玩水、沉迷声色、不问战事的荒淫腐朽。“南北战争都不知”一句，以嘲弄的口吻，突出地反映他们享乐腐化的程度，表达作者强烈的愤恨。这与孙权、刘备的志在天下、身体力行是很好的对照；其次是西湖的自然秋色一派萧索凄凉，太令人感伤。这与游建康、巴陵一带所见山河壮丽景象又是一对照，烘托出国势的衰危；最后是“诸君傅粉涂脂”的严重后果：蒙古军队加紧侵扰，从东边的淮水到西边的四川，战火遍地，民不聊生。“万里腥风送鼓鼙”一句形象地表现出敌人进犯的嚣张气焰。这些景物便成了作者感情外射的产物，寄托他对国危敌占的强烈愤恨和忧伤，深刻地表达他对国家、人民命运的关切。最后三句却又调转笔锋，向文墨之士猛击一掌，指出国家政局已败坏到如此地步，会耍笔杆子也无用。于国事毫无补益，只能表明自己的幼稚可笑。以此提醒人们应该用长枪利剑去抵抗敌人，挽求国难，收复失地。作者对这些文人的鄙视（亦包含对自己的嘲笑），又从另一侧面反映他对抗敌救国的积极态度和急切心情。
全词对比衬托强烈，脉络清晰，感触深刻。作者对南宋统治集团的愤恨，实际也是“胸中之勃郁”的集中表现，因为国事的忧与愤，对一个爱国者来说，往往是交织在一起而难于分开的。
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韦应物《
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简卢陟》
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陆游《
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沁园春·孤鹤归飞》
陈人杰简介
唐代·陈人杰的简介
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陈人杰（1218-1243），一作陈经国，字刚父，号龟峰，长乐（今福建福州）南宋词人，同时也是宋代词坛上最短命的词人，享年仅26岁。他现存词作31首，全用《沁园春》调，这是两宋词史上罕见的用调方式。
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溪南种田溪北住，屋东栽桑屋西树。阿翁八十不出户，长男踏车妇织布。
大女送饭小络纱，幼男放牛未还家。年年纳得官家足，箧有馀布甑有粟。
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送吴恂
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宋代：
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释祖心
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海门山崄绝行踪，踏断牢关信已通。自有太平基业在，不论南北与西东。
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燕堂诗
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宋代：
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蔡兹
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世情日浇道情深，悔不林泉早脱簪。
一世简编胎后叶，百年香火奉先心。
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题兰花二首 其二
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元代：
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龚璛
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孤竹皆殷墨，两龚真楚清。试凭兰与蕙，难弟复难兄。
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病起小斋即事
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：
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郭谏臣
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不到名园久，春残花事稀。林香还入坐，草色欲沾衣。
乔木干青汉，层台落翠微。平生耽胜赏，日暮竟忘归。