赠升州王使君忠臣
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唐代]：李白
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六代帝王国，三吴佳丽城。
贤人当重寄，天子借高名。
巨海一边静，长江万里清。
应须救赵策，未肯弃侯嬴。
赠升州王使君忠臣译文及注释
译文
这里是六个王朝的国都，三吴中秀丽的京城。
贤人就应委以重任，天子也要借助你的高名。
汪洋大海宁静了一边，长江万里得到了登清。
你也许还须救赵良策，不要遗弃我这个侯嬴。
注释
升州：唐州名，乾元元年（758）改江宁郡置，上元二年（761）废，治所在今江苏南京。王忠臣：事迹不详。使君：即刺史。
六代：指吴、晋、宋、齐、梁、陈，六朝均建都金陵。国：此指天子之所都。
三吴：《水经注》以吴郡（今苏州）、吴兴（今浙江湖州）、会稽（今浙江绍兴）为三吴。《元和郡县志》则以吴郡、吴兴、丹阳（今江苏镇江）为三吴。说法不一。
重寄：重大的托付，犹重任。
巨海：大海。
“长江”句：当指平定刘展叛乱事。
应须：应当，应该。
侯嬴：战国时魏国隐士。年七十，家贫，为天梁夷门监者。信陵君引为门客。魏安釐王二十年（前257）,秦军围赵都邯郸，魏王使晋鄙率军救晋。鄙畏秦，屯兵于邺以观望之。侯嬴向信陵君献计，并荐力士朱亥。信陵君至邺，使朱亥击杀晋鄙，窃得兵符夺其兵权，遂解邯郸之围。事见《史记·魏公子列传》。此处李白以侯嬴自比。
参考资料：
1、詹福瑞 等．李白诗全译．石家庄：河北人民出版社，1997：382-383
赠升州王使君忠臣创作背景
此诗约作于唐肃宗上元二年（761）。诗人李白因从永王李璘事，唐肃宗乾元元年（758）被流夜郎。次年三月遇赦得释，从此开始了他晚年飘泊东南，寄人篱下的凄凉生活。这首诗便是这一阶段中的上元二年（761）秋，客游昇州时赠给当地官僚王忠臣的。
参考资料：
1、詹福瑞 等．李白诗全译．石家庄：河北人民出版社，1997：382-383
2、宋绪连 初旭．三李诗鉴赏辞典．长春：吉林文史出版社，1992：331-335
赠升州王使君忠臣鉴赏
这首诗的首联，入手擒题，盛赞昇州。上句从纵的时间方面着眼，说这里是吴、东晋、宋、齐、梁、陈六朝的故都，让读者想见其历史悠久，文化灿烂。下句从横的空间方面落笔，说这里是“三吴”地区的一座美丽的城市，让读者想见其江山多娇，物华天宝。丹阳郡为三国时吴所移置，治建业，故址在今南京市东南，亦即在诗人李白写此诗时的昇州。上下两句，一纵一横，气势宏伟，含盖多广。虽然这一联本于谢朓《入朝曲》的“江南佳丽地，六代帝王州”，但颠倒句序，使其落脚点在地更突出，而改“江南”为“三吴”，改“地”为“城”，改“州”为“国”，则有更工整、更确切的效应。如此为我所用，青胜于蓝，实非因袭陈言者可望其项背。
地灵则人杰，因此颔联紧承首联而颂王忠臣其人。上句说他人贤，帝王理当委托以重任；下句说他名高，天子凭借之以守此要地。这一联，似乎还巧妙地暗藏了被称颂者的姓名。上句，没有明说谁对“贤人当寄重”，但很明显指的应当为“王”。这“王”正是被称颂者的姓。下句、主语、谓语和宾语齐全，结构完整，但“天子”之所“借”以治国抚民的人，正是“忠臣”。这“忠臣”恰是被称颂者的“高名”。
昇州所辖，东极于海，西带长江，因此颈联放笔而涉及江海。上句的“一边静”，下句的“万里清”，从字面上看，写的是海与江的景象，实际上却说的是时局。这是针对这年正月，平定了刘展在这一带的作乱而言，又包含着诗人对史思明势焰尚嚣张，北方仍未平静的极大关注。对被赠诗的王忠臣来说，是既祝颂他所辖地区出现的清平，又希望他能扩大视野，看到北方的动乱。紧扣诗句，这一联则可作这样的解释：虽然“长江万里清”了，但是“巨海”才只有“一边静”，而非全静。
尾联，用侯嬴向信陵君献策窃符救赵事，以“应须”、“未肯”这样的推度语气，自比侯嬴，表现想要为国效命，在平定北方叛乱中建立功勋的愿望，希获被赠诗的王忠臣的理解和支持。据《史记·信陵君列传》载，侯嬴本为魏国大梁夷门监者，后为信陵君上客。周赧王五十五年（前260），秦破赵长平军，又进兵围邯郸。赵国平原君夫人为信陵君姊，屡次送书信请求魏国相救。魏王初使将军晋鄙率兵十万救赵，但后又惧秦而命晋鄙停兵观望。信陵君竭力劝说魏王进军，魏王终不听从。在这紧急的情况下，侯嬴向信陵君献策，让信陵君请求如姬从魏王卧室盗出晋鄙兵符，然后去夺晋鄙军；如晋鄙不听，则使力士朱亥椎杀之。信陵信听从其策，果得兵符，杀晋鄙，率其兵而击秦军，救邯郸而存赵国。侯嬴与信陵君分别后，自刎而死。诗人李白这一想要为国效命，在平定北方的叛乱中建立功勋的愿望，在同一年所写的《闻李太尉大举秦兵百万出征东南懦夫请缨冀申一割之用半道病还留别金陵崔侍御十九韵》一诗，表现得更加明白。除诗题的表述外，诗中还说：“恨无左车略，多愧鲁连生。拂剑照严霜，雕戈鬘胡缨。愿雪会稽耻，将期报恩荣。”可以与这尾联相互印证。遗憾的是诗人李白的这一愿望，无人理睬，使他终于在次年贫病交加而死。
李白是个充满豪情逸兴的诗人，不肯多写格律谨严的律诗，但偶有所作，皆为上品。这首五律，便可作证。它不死守五律定式声调，但平仄谐调。它以“城”、“名”、“清”和“嬴”四字押脚韵，皆属八庚，稳妥悠扬。它中间两联的对仗，两两相称，自然工整。首联亦对，更属难能。它紧紧抓住题目，以赞其地起，以颂其人承，以言时局转，以抒心曲收，层次清晰，中心突出。它始称“六代”，来引“侯嬴”，中言现在，上下千年，包举的时间漫长，运用“三吴”、“巨海”、“长江”、“万里”等意象，囊括的地域宽广，从而形成了阔大的意境，使人胸胆开张。它为赠昇州的王忠臣而作，却不限于一地，不囿于应酬，而能放眼全国，抒写壮怀。这首诗正是由于这些特点，所以受到后人的高度称赞。
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柳宗元《
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觉衰》
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曹操《
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述志令》
李白简介
唐代·李白的简介
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李白（701年－762年），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。祖籍陇西成纪(待考)，出生于西域碎叶城，4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。
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苏泂
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两山正作修眉绿，一水犹如疋练横。
竟日书窗览今古，几年人世少豪英。
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醉落魄
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宋代：
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周紫芝
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柳边池阁。晚来卷地东风恶。人生不解频行乐。昨日花开，今日风吹落。
杨花却似人飘泊。春云更似人情薄。如今始信从前错。
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咏怀旧隐十五首 其三
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元代：
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吴当
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忆昔升堂日，诸生授简时。遗经周礼乐，野服汉威仪。
一自趋丹凤，微班侍玉螭。风尘惊岁阔，猿鹤怨归迟。