雨霖铃·槐阴添绿
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宋代]：晁端礼
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槐阴添绿。雨馀花落，酒病相续。闲寻双杏凝伫，池塘暖、鸳鸯浴。却向窗昼卧，正春睡难足。叹好梦、一一无凭，帐掩金花坐凝目。
当时共赏移红烛。向花间、小饮杯盘促。蔷薇花下曾记，双凤带、索题诗曲。别后厌厌，应是香肌，瘦减罗幅。问燕子、不肯传情，甚入华堂宿。
雨霖铃·槐阴添绿译文及注释
译文
槐树新添了绿色。被雨淋落的花瓣洒落了一地，因过度饮酒而生病，生活几乎都在醉与病之间徘徊。闲时出外散心，寻见一对杏树，我驻足凝望，温暖的池塘里，鸳鸯成双成对。不忍看下去，怀着愁苦之情离去，回内室小睡，但因心事辗转难以入眠。虽有好梦，但醒来一切都成虚空，窗帐围掩着绣有花饰的卧榻，空荡荡卧榻上只留下自己凝目沉思。
以前二人在一起时，一边移红烛，一边共赏。面向花丛，一杯接一杯地饮酒，记得往日在蔷薇花丛中，恋人她以绣有凤国的衣带要自己题写诗词。分别后，恋人终日精神不振，本来是丰盈的肌体，却因相思而日渐消瘦，只瘦得罗裙要裁剪了才能合身。难以寻找堂前的燕子，去传达这份感情，为什么现在进入华丽的殿堂住宿。
注释
雨霖铃：词牌名，也作“雨淋铃”，双调一百零三字，前后阕各五仄韵，常用入声韵。
酒病：犹病酒。因饮酒过量而生病。
凝伫：凝望伫立、停滞不动。
鸳鸯：一种亮斑冠鸭，鸳指雄鸟，鸯指雌鸟，在中国文学中多象征夫妻和睦、相亲相爱，以及爱情坚贞不移。
金花：指器物衣履上雕刻、绣制的花饰。坐：卧榻。凝目：注目、凝视。
促：速。
蔷薇花：泛指蔷薇科，多生于路旁、田边或丘陵地的灌木丛中。
厌厌：犹恹恹，精神不振貌。
罗：古丝织物名，此指罗制的衣裙。罗幅：罗裙的分幅。
甚：为什么、怎么。华堂：华丽的殿堂。
参考资料：
1、中华书局．中华宋词鉴赏辞典，：中华书局，2008：132
2、刘石．宋词鉴赏大辞典 ：中华书局，2011：347
雨霖铃·槐阴添绿创作背景
这首词具体创作时间已不详。晁端礼有很大一部分作品描写的是歌妓的心思情态之作，不出歌筵酒席间的男欢女爱，表现自己对游宦生活感受，此篇亦即其一。
参考资料：
1、中华书局．中华宋词鉴赏辞典，：中华书局，2008：132
雨霖铃·槐阴添绿鉴赏
上片写词人与恋人分开后的现状。“槐阴添绿”揭示了时间，“添”为新添，即槐树新添绿色，所以此时应为春季。与后文“正春睡难足”所揭示的时令相符。“雨馀花落”描绘了一幅冷凄之景：被雨淋落的花瓣洒落一地，雨后天地气氛冷冷清清。此句为下文奠定了凄凉的基调，“酒病相续”，词人因消愁而饮酒，因饮酒而生病，所以“相续”。与恋人分别后词人生活是如此地痛苦不堪，终日只能借酒消愁，又因饮酒过度而生病，生活几乎都在醉与病之间徘徊。闲时出外散心，寻见一对杏树，这对杏树仿佛象征着一对相爱的恋人，词人因此驻足凝望。他看到的是：“池塘暖、鸳鸯浴。”温暖的池塘里，一对鸳鸯在里面畅游，鸳鸯成双成对、恩恩爱爱的场景，一方面令词人羡慕，一方面又勾起他的烦心往事。此情此景使其不忍再看下去，只得怀着愁苦心情离去，回内室小睡。但因心事终难排解，所以“正春睡难足”，辗转难以入眠。虽有好梦，梦到与恋人相会，但醒来一切随梦而去，无一物真实可感可触，梦中一切都成虚空，使人不禁感叹万千，帘帐围掩着绣有花饰的卧榻，空荡荡的卧榻上只留下词人的凝目沉思。
下片写词人在“金华坐”内的沉思，他回想过去，感叹现在。“当时共赏移红烛”，以前二人在一起时一边“移红烛”一边“共赏”。“共赏”在此处省去了宾语，所以“共赏”的对象可以更多更丰富，留给读者更多的想象。“向花间、小饮杯盘促”，此为二人恩爱的又一场景，面向花丛，一杯接一杯地饮酒，一杯接一杯的豪饮表现了词人愉悦的心情。“蔷薇花下曾记”是“曾记蔷薇花下”的倒装。记得往日在蔷薇花丛中，恋人以绣有凤凰的衣带要词人题写诗词。“别后厌厌”，分别后，恋人亦终日精神不振，与后文“应是香肌，瘦减罗幅”相呼应。本来是丰盈的肌体，却因相思而日渐消瘦，只瘦得罗裙要裁减了才能合身。最后一句“问燕子、不肯传情，甚入华堂宿”，看似埋怨燕子，实则是词人心中烦恼的一种发泄。燕子并不懂人情，“不肯传情”也是常情，只是因为词人相思的苦恼无处发泄，便将一股怨气转嫁到燕子身上而已，颇有指桑骂槐的意味。
全词委婉含蓄，“雨馀花落，酒病相续”与李清照《声声慢》中“寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚。乍暖还寒时候，最难将息。三杯两盏淡酒，怎敌他、晚来风急”的感情氛围有相似之处。虽依旧是儿女柔情，却又与柳永的依依惜别不同，而是追忆旧时旧伴的欢愉时光，蔷薇花下，燕子堂前，如今终究难寻，只余下无限惆怅，与唐玄宗如出一辙。
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凤池吟·万丈巍台》
晁端礼简介
唐代·晁端礼的简介
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晁端礼(1046～1113) 北宋词人。名一作元礼。字次膺。开德府清丰县（今属河南）人，因其父葬于济州任城（今山东济宁），遂为任城人。徽宗政和三年(1113),由于蔡京举荐,应诏来到京城。适逢宫禁中莲荷初生，他进《并蒂芙蓉》词，大得徽宗称赏。于是以承事郎为大晟府协律。黄称他"与万俟雅言（咏）齐名，按月律进词"（《唐宋诸贤绝妙词选》卷七）。未及供职即病逝。
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西风凭吊景前贤，豸绣威名著简编。暂建朱幡辞北阙，独乘骢马驻南天。
擐躬甲胄平诸峒，横槊鸿文涌百川。恩渥九重深雨露，越台遗构拟淩烟。
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重阳侍老人饮
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宋代：
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陈文蔚
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九十慈亲鬓发播，今年菊早去年花。
一尊细说重阳事，似此清欢有几家。