人月圆·春晚次韵
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元代]：张可久
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萋萋芳草春云乱，愁在夕阳中。短亭别酒，平湖画舫，垂柳骄骢。一声啼鸟，一番夜雨，一阵东风。桃花吹尽，佳人何在，门掩残红。
人月圆·春晚次韵译文及注释
译文
萋萋芳草、浓云惨淡，笼罩在血色残阳里。我想起以前在亭子里与你饮酒惜别，那时和现在一样，碧绿的湖水上飘着画舫，垂柳之下还有一匹骏马。鸟雀声声啼，一番春雨下，携起一片东风。东风把桃花都吹落了，佳人还是不在。
注释
人月圆：曲牌名，属黄钟调，双调四十八字，前片五句两平韵，后片六句两平韵；次韵：古体诗词写作的一种方式。
萋萋：形容草叶的繁茂。
短亭：旧时离城五里处设短亭，十里处设长亭，为行人休憩或送行饯别之所。
画舫：装饰华美的游船。
骄骢（cōng）：健壮的骢马，泛指骏马。
参考资料：
1、素芹注释．元曲三百首注释．北京：北京联合出版公司，2015：136
人月圆·春晚次韵创作背景
此曲是赓和何人原韵、作于何时何地均不可考。但可以肯定是写故地重游而伊人不在的感慨。作者在暮春傍晚伫立昔日送别之地，触景生情，睹物感旧，沉浸在绵绵离恨和凄然惆怅之中不能自拔，故作此曲。
参考资料：
1、赵义山．元曲鉴赏辞典．北京：商务印书馆国际有限公司，2012：628
人月圆·春晚次韵鉴赏
上片是写春日送别。“萋萋芳草春云乱，愁在夕阳中”首二句写景兴起离愁。“萋萋”是视觉，状草之茂盛；“芳草”是嗅觉兼视觉，散发芳香的春草。“萋萋芳草’’，年年复生蔓延，人力除不断，野火烧不尽，恰似离人心中的愁恨难以排除，触而复发，不断滋长。故四字未写离情，而离情已寓其中。萋萋芳草连天，黄昏乱云飞渡，再加上一抹黯淡的夕阳笼罩，便构成了一片淡烟暮霭的凄迷境界，与离人内心纷乱的愁绪适相契合，堪称情景水乳交融。“春云”、“夕阳’’又暗用江淹《休上人怨别》：“日暮碧云合，佳人殊未来”之意，遥为结尾“佳人何在”伏下暗脉，可谓针线细密。“短亭别酒，平湖画舫，垂柳骄骢。”三句折入对昔日离别的回忆：那短亭饯行时举杯相劝的别酒，那平湖中比肩分袂时的画舫，那系在垂柳之下载我离去的青白杂毛的骏马，以及那折柳送行的情景，至今仍宛然在目，历历如现；短亭、平湖、垂柳依然犹在，而伊人无迹了。这里又暗用秦观《八六子》词中“念柳外青骢别后，水边红袂分时，怆然暗惊。”而此曲只用三个名词词组鼎足对举，仅展现三个场景，无一动词或情语，而其别时之叮咛嘱咐，缠绵眷恋之情，及今日睹物神伤，凄然欲绝之状，无不隐藏于字里行间。故融情于景，更见词约意丰；青胜于蓝，用典不露痕迹。
下片写别后感受。“一声啼鸟，一番夜雨，一阵东风”三句，既是眼前实景，又是作者由回忆转入现实的音响媒介，是视象也是听觉。叠用三个数量词，不仅对偶巧妙，音律上亦造成反复咏叹，回肠荡气，而意境上亦尤具匠心：表明多种音响的再三催促警醒，才把沉醉于回忆中的诗人拉回到眼前现实，足见其回忆寻觅之久，沉湎眷念之深；而“夜雨”“东风”又为下文“桃花吹尽”埋下伏笔。结尾三句正面揭示故地重游的落空，离恨惆怅愈发不可收拾。三句化用崔护《题都城南庄》：“去年今日此门中，人面桃花相映红。人面不知何处去，桃花依旧笑春风。”诗境比崔诗更为凝练凄绝，而又与开头首尾呼应。
整首小令都是在写景，但其实也是在写情，“一切景语皆情语”，作者把深深的离别之愁融合进了景色当中，锻字炼句极为周到，用词清新工整，但表达的情感却绵延不绝，正是作者过人之处。
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秦观《
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江城子》
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张旭《
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山中留客》
张可久简介
唐代·张可久的简介
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张可久（约1270～1348以后）字小山（一说名伯远，字可久，号小山）（《尧山堂外纪》）；一说名张可久肖像（林晋生作）可久，字伯远，号小山（《词综》）；又一说字仲远，号小山（《四库全书总目提要》），庆元（治所在今浙江宁波鄞县）人，元朝重要散曲家，剧作家，与乔吉并称“双壁”，与张养浩合为“二张”。
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