种柳戏题
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唐代]：柳宗元
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柳州柳刺史，种柳柳江边。
谈笑为故事，推移成昔年。
垂阴当覆地，耸干会参天。
好作思人树，惭无惠化传。
种柳戏题译文及注释
译文
柳州刺史柳宗元，今日种柳柳江边。
人们当作谈笑的故事，地方掌故又添一件。随着时间流逝，今日也会变为往年。
浓绿的柳阴当会覆盖大地，耸立的树干将要耸入蓝天。
到那时，人们见树也许会引起怀念，惭愧的是我没有什么良好政绩可以流传。
注释
戏：逗趣。戏题：以题诗作为消遣之意。在这里，柳宗元借种柳为题，以轻松的笔调，抒发感情，寄托理想。
柳江：西江支流，流经今柳州市。当时亦称浔水。
故事：过去的事情。推移：指时光的流逝。
昔年：往年，历史。这两句的意思是，今天的种柳会成为将来人们谈笑的故事，随着时间的推移将成为一种史迹。
垂阴：指柳树遮阴。当：应当。覆地：遮盖大地。
耸干（sǒnggàn，即怂赣）：高耸的树干。会：能够，一定能。参（cān餐）天：高入云天。
思人树：《史记·燕召公世家》："召公巡行乡邑，有棠对，决狱政事其下，自侯伯至庶人各得其所，无失职者。召公卒。而民思召公之政，怀棠树不敢伐，歌咏之，作《甘棠》之诗。"大意即召公有惠于民，他死后，人们自觉地爱护他生前亲手所种的甘棠树，还做了诗篇歌咏他，以表示对他的怀念。后世诗词中，遂用“思人树”作为赞美官员有惠政的典故。柳宗元在此借用这个典故，是为了表达努力造福于民的愿望。
惠化：有益于民的德政与教化。
参考资料：
1、吴文治．《柳宗元诗文选评》．西安市：三秦出版社，2004.05：30
2、王松龄，杨立扬．《古代文史名著选译丛书 柳宗元诗文选译》．南京市：凤凰出版社，2011.05：44-45
种柳戏题创作背景
这首诗作者作于柳州刺史任上，诗人到达柳州后，在自己的权限范围内努力兴利除弊，做了一系列有益州民的好事。此诗所写，即他亲自参加种树劳动的体验与感想。
参考资料：
1、柳宗元作，景宏业评．《柳宗元集》．太原市：山西古籍出版社，2006.01：30-31
种柳戏题鉴赏
《种柳戏题》一诗，是柳宗元现存诗歌中别具一格的作品。之所以说其“别具一格”，是因为柳宗元这位对待写作从来都比较严肃的诗人，在此诗中，却一改自己平时的风格，紧紧扣住诗题中的“戏”字，将一个严肃的主题，用嬉戏的笔调表现出来。
首先可见到首联两句，先交代了人物、事件和地点，仔细想来，种柳劳动也含蓄地暗示了其时间自然在春季。其中所提到的柳江，即西江的支流，流经柳州，此乃地点所在也。另外在语言上，诗歌一开始，柳宗元有意运用似乎有点“绕口”的句式，两句十个字，居然嵌入了四个“柳”字，既照应了诗题中的“戏题”二字，又使读者感到极度新颖，极度别致，自然而然地调动起读者阅读的兴趣，使人感到妙不可言。
而颔联针对上联所写发了一番感慨，先想像自己今天的所作所为会成为人们谈笑的内容，随着时间的推移，也许会变成历史上的一段佳话。这绝不是作者的自夸，实际上，作者心里非常明白，在他所处的时代里，作为地方上的最高长官，能亲自参加公益劳动的“一方诸侯”实在少之又少，因而有这样的自信。
前两联柳宗元以轻松活泼的笔调展开描写，使诗题中的“戏”字落到了实处。后半段的戏笔的成分似乎已大为减少。在此两句中，诗人以不容置疑的口吻提出自己美好的希冀：硕大的树冠应当能遮蔽住骄阳覆盖着大地，高耸的树干一定能长大成材高人云天，坚信自己今天的举动将有利于国，有利于民，这便自然而然地引出后面画龙点睛的议论。
而尾联中，诗歌运用了“思人树”这一典故。并以议论的口吻，表达了诗人努力造福于民的强烈愿望，感情真挚，让人不禁感同身受。
不过，虽然作者力图使这首诗基调轻松、语言幽默，但由于诗人的经历、秉性以及所表达的主题的需要，事实上，诗歌是越写越严肃，越写越接近自己的一贯风格的。
纵观全诗，诗篇先在题目用“戏”笔写出重大严肃的主题，收到既准确地表达了自己的心愿而又避免了空话大话，避免了自吹自擂的奇特效果，这样来写，首先为诗歌的风格定下了一个基调。然后，除了头一联是叙述事情，是实写外，其他各联，或为推测，或为希望，或为议论，总之都是虚写。这种诗歌结构，不太像唐诗，更接近于宋诗的风格。由此可知作者并不想把种柳劳动当作诗歌的中心来写，而是通过种柳这件事，借端说理，表达自己为官一任，造福一方，留惠于民的做官准则。这思想当然是值得肯定的，也许直到现在仍然有其不朽的借鉴意义。
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郑谷《
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淮上与友人别》
柳宗元简介
唐代·柳宗元的简介
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柳宗元（773年－819年），字子厚，唐代河东（今山西运城）人，杰出诗人、哲学家、儒学家乃至成就卓著的政治家，唐宋八大家之一。著名作品有《永州八记》等六百多篇文章，经后人辑为三十卷，名为《柳河东集》。因为他是河东人，人称柳河东，又因终于柳州刺史任上，又称柳柳州。柳宗元与韩愈同为中唐古文运动的领导人物，并称“韩柳”。在中国文化史上，其诗、文成就均极为杰出，可谓一时难分轩轾。
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