水调歌头·白日射金阙
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宋代]：辛弃疾
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白日射金阙，虎豹九关开。见君谏疏频上，谈笑挽天回。千古忠肝义胆，万里蛮烟瘴雨，往事莫惊猜。政恐不免耳，消息日边来。
笑吾庐，门掩草，径封苔。未应两手无用，要把蟹螯杯。说剑论诗余事，醉舞狂歌欲倒，老子颇堪哀。白发宁有种？一一醒时栽！
水调歌头·白日射金阙译文及注释
译文
赞扬汤朝美堂堂正正的把“进谏之剑”对着帝王居住的地方射去，哪怕是有虎豹把守的九道门，也敢冲破而入。终于使皇帝听了他的政见。汤朝美屡次向皇上进谏，从不计较个人安危，不怕担风险。这一副“忠肝义胆”是能够流传千古的，可惜的是，这样的人却遭到了贬谪，到偏僻荒蛮的地方去受苦。汤朝美还是要做官的，好消息将要从皇帝身边传来。
门前长满荒草，小道也长满苔藓，想想自己的处境只能付之一笑。两只手没有用处，只能把着蟹螯杯，借酒消愁，打发日子。于是只有说剑、论诗、醉舞、狂歌在忧愁中度日，头上长出来白头发，醒来的时候一根一根拔掉。
注释
水调歌头：《水调歌头》，是词牌名之一，又名《元会曲》、《凯歌》、《台城游》、《水调歌》，双调九十五字，上片九句四平韵、下片十句四平韵。唐朝大曲有“水调歌”，据《隋唐嘉话》，为隋炀帝凿汴河时所作。宋乐入“中吕调”，见《碧鸡漫志》卷四。凡大曲有“歌头”，此殆裁截其首段为之。九十五字，前后片各四平韵。亦有前后片两六言句夹叶仄韵者，有平仄互叶几于句句用韵者。
金阕：均喻指宫廷；
万里蛮烟瘴雨：指汤朝美贬新州事。新州，即今广东新兴县，在当时被认为是僻远蛮荒之地。
政：同“正”。此借用东晋谢安语。《世说新语·排调》：初，谢安在东山居布衣时，兄弟已有富贵者，翕集家门，倾动人物。刘夫人戏谓安曰：“大丈夫不当如此乎？”谢乃捉鼻曰：“但恐不免耳！”
“未应”两句：自谓英雄无用武之地。蟹螯（áo）杯：喻指饮酒吃蟹。
老子：指老了之后。
栽：喻指将白发一根根的拔掉。
参考资料：
1、辛弃疾．辛弃疾词集．上海：上海古籍出版社，2014：64-65
2、徐北文、石万鹏．二安词选（李清照、辛弃疾词评注）：济南出版社，1994年08月第1版：第94页
3、《唐宋词鉴赏辞典》（南宋·辽·金卷）.上海辞书出版社，1988年版，第1486-1488页
水调歌头·白日射金阙创作背景
辛弃疾四十二岁那年，被监察御史王蔺弹劾，削职后回上饶带湖闲居。与汤朝美相见，由于处境相近，同样受着打击，而且志同道合所以有相濡以沫之情。先是，辛赋《水调歌头》（盟鸥）汤以韵相和；辛又用原韵，赋此阕谢答。
参考资料：
1、《唐宋词鉴赏辞典》（南宋·辽·金卷）.上海辞书出版社，1988年版，第1486页
水调歌头·白日射金阙鉴赏
“白日射金阙，虎豹九关开。”十字写的是皇宫富丽堂皇，气象森严。在那里，朝美“谏疏频上，谈笑挽天回”。四句两层，一张一弛，作者描绘出朝美朝堂上从容和无畏。据《稼轩词编年笺注》引《京口耆旧传·汤邦彦传》：“时孝宗锐意远略，邦彦自负功名，议论英发，上心倾向之，除秘书丞，起居舍人，兼中书舍人，擢左司谏兼侍读。论事风生，权幸侧目。上手书以赐，称其‘以身许国，志若金石，协济大计，始终不移’。及其他圣意所疑，辄以诹问。”那时候的宋孝宗还有些进取之意。淳熙二年八月派汤朝美使金，向金讨还河南北宋诸帝陵寝所在之地。不料汤朝美有辱使命，回来后龙颜大怒，把他流贬新州，尝尽“蛮烟瘴雨”滋味。这一层“千古”、“万里”两句似对非对，中间再作一暗转。对于心怀忠义肝胆但却遭贬的朋友，辛弃疾并没有大发牢骚，徒增友人的烦闷。而是安慰朝美“往事莫惊猜”。因为有才干的人终会发迹的。眼前你不是已经奉诏内调了吗？恐怕还会有消息从皇帝身边下来，“日边”这里用以比喻帝王左右，“恐”字是拟想之辞，却又像深有把握似的，这是稼轩用典的妙处！从“蛮烟瘴雨”的黯淡凄惶到日边消息之希望复起，中间再作一暗转。上片凡三暗转，大起大落，忽而荣宠有加，忽而忧患毕至；忽而蛮烟瘴雨，忽而日边春来，乍喜乍悲，亦远亦近，变化错综，既是对友人坎坷的同情又有对其振作的鼓励。
下片转叙作者自己乡居生活情怀。“门掩草，径封苔”，本是冷落景象，词人但以一笑置之。不难看出，这笑，是强作豁达的苦笑，是傲岸不平的蔑笑。
下片基调无限幽愤，都被这领起换头的一个“笑”字染上了不协调的色彩，反映出一种由于受压抑而形成的不平而又无奈的心情。一“笑”字，内中感情复杂，可为下片基调之凝练。接下去仍是正言反出：未必我这双手就没有用处，不是可以“一手持蟹螯，一手持酒怀”吗？试想，当国步蜩螗（tiáotáng）之际，他那双屠鲸剚（zì）虎的巨手，不能用来扭转乾坤，却去执杯持蟹，这是人间何等不平事！而稼轩但以“未应两手无用”的反语轻轻挑出，愈见沉哀茹痛。循此一念，又找足“说剑”一层。说剑论诗，慨言武备文事。辛弃疾“壮岁旌旗拥万夫”，后来又曾上《十论》《九议》，慷慨国事。这时看来，这文韬武略都是无用的“余事”。剩下的，他只有终日痛饮长醉，摇摇欲倒。这“醉舞狂歌欲倒”六字，写尽词人悲愤心怀，潦倒情态，然后束以“老子颇堪哀”。“堪哀”是堪怜念之意，语出《后汉书。马援传》，意思是说，自己如此狂歌醉舞，虚置年华，这心情应该是故人所理解、怜恤的。歇拍“白发宁有种？——醒时栽”，将一腔幽愤推向一个高潮。“白发”写愁，本近俗滥，但稼轩用一“栽”字，翻出了新意。这两句有几层意思。词人春秋正富，本不是衰老的时候；但忧国之思，添他满头霜雪，这是一层。国事不堪寓目，醉中尚可暂忘，醒来则不胜烦忧，此白发乃“——醒时栽”也，又翻进一层。白发并不是自然生出来的，而是“栽”上去的，可见为国势之操劳宦途之喜悲使他年富而白发徒增。这样，就从根根白发上显示出词人人生道路上的风风雨雨，隐然现出广阔的社会背景，这又是一层。单就“栽”字齿音平韵，于声则无限延长，于情则芊绵不尽。这下片一路蓄意蓄势，急管繁弦，最终结在这个警句上，激昂排宕，化为感慨深沉。千载后读之，犹觉满腔不平之气，夹风雨霜雪以俱来。
这首词，上片文意一波三折，于无字处出曲折，极掩抑零乱，跳跃动荡之美；下片却一气奔注；牢骚苦闷，倾泻而来，并且反语累出，在感情激荡中故作幽塞，豪放中仍不失顿挫曲折，词的构局可谓错综多变。
全词核心在下片，但上下两片，对比映衬，表现力增强。上片一起，白日金阙，虎豹九关，何等高华气象；下片一转，门为草掩，径被苔封，又何等荒凉寂寞！这是一层对比。上片赞美汤朝美，誉其巨手可以“谈笑挽天回”；下片写自己，则两手只堪把蟹持杯，又是一层对比。上片写对方，终能日边消息重上朝堂，下片说自己，则满头白发，终日醉舞狂歌为消磨，再加一层对比。通过强烈对比，益见“斯人独憔悴”的不平之情，这是此词的另一个艺术特色。
上片鼓励友人，意气飞扬；下片抒一已之愤，悲愤无奈。乍读之下，上下片的思想感情，好像矛盾。其实，此等矛盾之处，正是显示稼轩的伟大之处。稼轩是虽身处闲散而时时不忘忧乐天下的血性男儿。他既不能不为一已之遭际而愤然不平，又不忍以一已之遭遇挫尽天下志士仁人之壮志。因此，他总是本着“知其不可而为之”的顽强精神，鼓舞同道，力挽既倒的狂澜。故上片激劝再三，下片却沉忧抑郁。此矛盾虬结之处，正见出词人一片忠贞爱国之苦心，这正是此词的思想光辉之所在。善乎谢章铤《赌棋山庄词话》之评辛苏词曰：“读苏辛词，知词中有人，词中有品。”
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李忱《
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瀑布联句》
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陶渊明《
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命子》
辛弃疾简介
唐代·辛弃疾的简介
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辛弃疾（1140－1207），南宋词人。原字坦夫，改字幼安，别号稼轩，汉族，历城（今山东济南）人。出生时，中原已为金兵所占。21岁参加抗金义军，不久归南宋。历任湖北、江西、湖南、福建、浙东安抚使等职。一生力主抗金。曾上《美芹十论》与《九议》，条陈战守之策。其词抒写力图恢复国家统一的爱国热情，倾诉壮志难酬的悲愤，对当时执政者的屈辱求和颇多谴责；也有不少吟咏祖国河山的作品。题材广阔又善化用前人典故入词，风格沉雄豪迈又不乏细腻柔媚之处。由于辛弃疾的抗金主张与当政的主和派政见不合，后被弹劾落职，退隐江西带湖。
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孙膑
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宋代：
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徐钧
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百年家学妙兵机，知彼犹怜己未知。
绝爱奇功成砍树，何缘卫足不知葵。
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相和歌辞。怨诗二首
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唐代：
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薛奇童
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日晚梧桐落，微寒入禁垣。月悬三雀观，霜度万秋门。
艳舞矜新宠，愁容泣旧恩。不堪深殿里，帘外欲黄昏。
禁苑春风起，流莺绕合欢。玉窗通日气，珠箔卷轻寒。
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怀会稽
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宋代：
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钱昭度
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斗牛星外翻成梦，巢鸟枝南略寄身。
越国荷花八百里，别来谁是采莲人。
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天津感事二十六首
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宋代：
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邵雍
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人言垂钓辩浮沉，辩著浮沉用意深。
吾耻不为知害性，等闲轻动望鱼心。
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屏翁领诸孙小集亦龙弟野亭君玉即席有诗次韵
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宋代：
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戴炳
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结屋新亭好，登临雅兴长。心融八窗白，尘隔九衢黄。
泛菊金英碎，尝粳玉颗香。更期梅着蕊，来赏小春光。
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水墨松石
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唐代：
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方干
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三世精能举世无，笔端狼藉见功夫。添来势逸阴崖黑，
泼处痕轻灌木枯。垂地寒云吞大漠，过江春雨入全吴。
兰堂坐久心弥惑，不道山川是画图。