水龙吟·淮河舟中夜闻宫人琴声
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宋代]：汪元量
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鼓鞞惊破霓裳，海棠亭北多风雨。歌阑酒罢，玉啼金泣，此行良苦。驼背模糊，马头匼匝，朝朝暮暮。自都门燕别，龙艘锦缆，空载得、春归去。
目断东南半壁，怅长淮已非吾土。受降城下，草如霜白，凄凉酸楚。粉阵红围，夜深人静，谁宾谁主？对渔灯一点，羁愁一搦，谱琴中语。
水龙吟·淮河舟中夜闻宫人琴声译文及注释
译文
战乱的繁鼓声，惊破霓裳羽衣的轻歌曼舞，海棠春睡的亭北，骤然一阵凄风苦雨。歌断宴残，一片凄惶的玉啼金哭，这北掳一去是何等的不堪悲苦？骆驼背上，摇摇晃晃泪眼模糊，押解的铁骑，一路巡防一路催逼，惊悸不定从朝到暮。故都啊，城外一席冷宴，辞别得那么仓皇急促，北上的锦帆龙舟，空载衰残的春色归去。
远望江南如画的半壁江山，可叹江淮两岸拱手相送，已非吾土。受降城下如茫茫秋霜白草干枯，北去的残余生涯将是无尽的凄凉酸楚。这狭窄舟中粉拥红围，夜深时疲困睡熟。又怎能分辨哪是高贵的殡妃，哪是卑贱的奴仆？只有瘦影伶俜的她一怀羁愁对一点渔火，犹自将难言的凄哀在琴声中低诉。
注释
水龙吟：词牌名，又名《龙吟曲》《庄椿岁》《小楼连苑》等。双调一百零二字，上下片各四仄韵。
鞞（pí）：同“鼙”，军中小鼓。
霓（ní）裳（cháng）：即《霓裳羽衣舞》，唐代宫廷乐舞。白居易《长恨歌》：“渔阳鼙鼓动地来，惊破霓裳羽衣曲。”词中是以安史之乱比喻元军入侵，攻破临安，并兼寓谴责南宋统治者沉溺酣歌艳舞，从而导致亡国之意。
海棠亭：即唐代皇宫中的沉香亭。因唐玄宗在沉香亭上曾将杨贵妃比为睡起之海裳，故称。
玉啼金泣：指被俘北行的后妃、宫女、王孙等临行时痛哭流涕。
驼背模糊，马头匼（kē）匝（zā）：化用杜甫《送蔡希曾都尉还陇右因寄高三十五书记》“马头金匿匝，驼背锦模糊”诗句，描写北上途中羁旅行役的苦状。匼匝：环绕。
龙艘锦缆（lǎn）：指被俘北上人员所乘龙船。
受降城：本为汉代接受匈奴贵族投降而筑的土城，故址在今内蒙古阴山北。词中是指宋朝向元朝投降的临安城。
粉阵红围：指被掳的宫女。
一搦（nuò）：一把。
参考资料：
1、喻朝刚，周航主编．中华文化的传世经典 宋词观止 十 注释 解说 集评：大众文艺出版社，2009.04：第1625页
2、范晓燕著．宋词三百首赏译：湖南人民出版社，2000.10：第663-664页
水龙吟·淮河舟中夜闻宫人琴声创作背景
宋恭帝德祐二年（1276年）正月，元军南下，丞相伯颜率领大军攻到南宋都城临安东北的皋亭山。南宋朝野震荡，最后降元。后帝后、妃嫔及宫官三千多元被押北上燕京，词人其时为乐师，也裹挟其中。在途径淮河时，舟中宫女奏起琴，勾起了词人缕缕痛苦的情思，感怀而作下这首词。
参考资料：
1、林力，肖剑主编．宋词鉴赏大典 （上、中、下卷）：长征出版社，1999年11月第1版：第1892页
水龙吟·淮河舟中夜闻宫人琴声鉴赏
上片“鼓鞞惊破霓裳，海棠亭北多风雨。”起笔即点出德祐之难，词人用形象的语言，写亡国的巨变。朝廷还沉浸在欢歌乐舞之中，却突然被城外惊天动地的战鼓惊醒，战争的血雨腥骤然降落的皇城深宫。这里，词人借唐天宝之变写本朝之事，借历史来喻今，批判朝廷的败落。”玉啼金泣“兼用金人滴泪的典故，写易代被遣的悲哀，颇为贴切。“驼背模糊，马头匼匝，朝朝暮暮。”化用杜甫“马头金匿匝，驼背锦模糊。”诗句，承上“此行良苦”，想象到敌国之地的亡国奴生活。“自都门燕别，龙艘锦缆，空载得、春归去。”三句，极言其“苦”。南下和北上都是亡国之事这三句，既是舟载北行的实况写照，意谓国运已尽、无力回天。“春”是押解出发的季节，象征南宋国运。“春归去”指南宋王朝的国亡如春天一样终结。“空”字浸透了徒唤奈何的深悲。
下片转写船经淮河时的感受。“长淮”点题“淮河舟中”。“非吾土”用王粲《登楼赋》“虽信美而非吾土兮”之意。望断长淮，美景色已非昔日色调，盖心情不同之故。“目断”“怅”，眷恋、凄婉之情赤者然墨上。“受降城下，草如霜白，凄凉酸楚。”三句借用唐李益《夜上受降城闻笛》诗句：“受降城外月如霜”，再以设想之辞，想起以后的生活，心中泛起陈陈酸楚。汉、唐均有受降城，多在西北边塞但非一地。这里仅借用而已，不是实指。“粉阵红围，夜深人静，谁宾谁主？”目光又从远方回到近旁。帝王、侍臣、后妃、宫女、等级原本森严，而今“粉阵红围”皆为囚徒，主奴难辨，不分宾主。在狭窄的小舟中，拥挤着入眠。唯独那位满怀愁绪，多愁善感的宫女，在孤灯下弹拨着琴弦，也撩拨着词人幽伤的心绪。最后“对渔灯一点，羁愁一搦，谱琴中语。”直应词题“夜闻GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>宫人琴声”收束全篇，含蕴悠长。
上片重在铺陈背景，下片围绕题面。全词着重展示被掳北上、舟行淮河的见闻和感受，同时又将眼前实景及行程的记叙与回忆及设想结合起来，将时间和空间大为拓展，而且又统一在“惊”“苦”“愁”及“凄凉酸楚相交杂的感情基调上，显得跌宕起伏而又真切感人。
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文天祥《
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扬子江》
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龚自珍《
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漫感》
汪元量简介
唐代·汪元量的简介
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汪元量（1241～1317年后）南宋末诗人、词人、宫廷琴师。字大有，号水云，亦自号水云子、楚狂、江南倦客，钱塘（今浙江杭州）人。琳第三子。度宗时以善琴供奉宫掖。恭宗德祐二年（1276）临安陷，随三宫入燕。尝谒文天祥于狱中。元世祖至元二十五年（1288）出家为道士，获南归，次年抵钱塘。后往来江西、湖北、四川等地，终老湖山。诗多纪国亡前后事，时人比之杜甫，有“诗史”之目，有《水云集》、《湖山类稿》。
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{賢贝换玉}拳下喝少卖弄，说是说非入泥水。
截断千差休指注，一声归笛啰啰哩。
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岁暮书事十二首
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宋代：
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张耒
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云土暮天迥，雁飞寒夜长。
姮娥守狐月，青女恨连霜。