蝶恋花·上巳召亲族
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宋代]：李清照
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永夜恹恹欢意少。空梦长安，认取长安道。为报今年春色好，花光月影宜相照。
随意杯盘虽草草。酒美梅酸，恰称人怀抱。醉里插花花莫笑，可怜春似人将老。
蝶恋花·上巳召亲族译文及注释
译文
漫漫长夜让人提不起一点精神，心情也郁郁不欢，只能在梦里梦见京城，还能认出那些熟悉的京都街道。为了报答眼下的好春色，花儿与月影也是相互相映照。
简便的宴席，虽然菜很一般，酒却是美酒，味道也很合口，一切都让人称心如意。喝醉了将花插在头上，花儿不要笑我，可怜春天也像人的衰老一样快要过去了。
注释
蝶恋花：商调曲，原唐教坊曲名，本采用于梁简文帝乐府：“翻阶蛱蝶恋花情”为名， 又名《黄金缕》、《鹊踏枝》、《凤栖梧》、《卷珠帘》、《一箩金》。其词牌始于宋。双调，上下片同调，押仄声韵。共六十字，前后片各四仄韵。上巳：节日名。秦汉时，以前以农历三月上旬巳日为“上巳节”。（见《后汉书·礼仪志上》）。魏晋以后，定为三月三日，不必取巳日。召：召请。
永夜：长夜。恹（yān）恹：精神萎靡不振的样子。
空：徒然。长安：原为汉唐故都，这里代指北宋都城汴京。
认取：记得，熟悉。
报：答谢。
杯盘：指酒食。草草：简单。
梅酸：代指菜肴可口。梅是古代所必需的调味品。
称：合适。怀抱：心意。
醉里插花花莫笑：北宋苏轼《吉祥寺赏牡丹》：“人老簪花不自羞，花应羞上老人头。”在这里反其意而用之。
可怜春似人将老：唐刘希夷《代悲白头翁》：年年岁岁花相似，岁岁年年人不同。此句暗合此意。
参考资料：
1、平慧善 ．李清照诗词选译 ．四川 ：巴蜀书社出版社 ，1990 ：58 ．
2、陈祖美 ．李清照作品赏析集 ．成都 ：巴蜀书社 ，1992 ：89-92 ．
蝶恋花·上巳召亲族创作背景
《蝶恋花·上巳召亲族》的创作时间背景在史学界无定论，大多数学者认为当是李清照南渡后的作品。黄墨谷与陈祖美认为此词是李清照后期的作品，是她南渡之后于建炎三年上巳节作于建康（今江苏南京）。
参考资料：
1、黄墨谷 等 ．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（唐·五代·北宋） ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1988 ：1212-1213 ．
蝶恋花·上巳召亲族鉴赏
这首词作于建炎三年，是一首寄寓南渡之恨的力作。
上片首句“永夜恹恹欢意少”开门见山。南渡以后，清照隽永含蓄的风格，一变而为沉郁苍凉。上巳虽是传统的水边修禊节日，但词人此时心情不愉，欢意甚少。“空梦长安，认取长安道”，写长夜辗转反侧，梦见汴京，看到汴京的宫阙城池，然而实不可到，故说“空”，抒写对汴京被占的哀思和沉痛。
“为报今年春色好，花光月影宜相照”写今年的自然春色和往年一样好，而今年的政局远远不如从前了。“为报”二字，点明这春天的消息是从他人处听来的，并非词人游春所见。实际上是说，今年建康城毫无春意，虽是朝花夜月如故，而有等于无。“宜相照”的“宜”字，作“本来应该”解。“相照”前著一“宜”字，其意似说它们没有相照，更确切一点，是词人对此漫不经心，反映出她的忧闷。
“随意杯盘虽草草。酒美梅酸，恰称人怀抱”承上启下，点明题旨，透露了女主人公并无心过好这个上巳节日，酸梅酿成的酒，和自己辛酸的怀抱是相称的。这两句，貌似率直，其实极婉转，极沉痛。
“醉里插花花莫笑，可怜春似人将老”，这里把“花”拟人化。“花莫笑”，就是不要笑我老大不小还插花，这一层词意，与末句“可怜春似人将老”紧接，意思是说最需要怜念的是春天也像人一样快要衰老了。“春”暗喻“国家社稷”，“春将老”暗喻“国将沦亡”。
《蝶恋花》是一首六十字的词，这首词题是“上巳召亲族”，带含丰富的思想内容，深厚的感伤情绪，写得委婉曲折，层层深入而笔意浑成，具有长调铺叙的气势。写出作者的国破家亡之恨，寄寓词人对国家社稷的赤子之情
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邓剡《
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酹江月·驿中言别友人》
李清照简介
唐代·李清照的简介
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李清照（1084年3月13日～1155年5月12日）号易安居士，汉族，山东省济南章丘人。宋代（南北宋之交）女词人，婉约词派代表，有“千古第一才女”之称。所作词，前期多写其悠闲生活，后期多悲叹身世，情调感伤。形式上善用白描手法，自辟途径，语言清丽。论词强调协律，崇尚典雅，提出词“别是一家”之说，反对以作诗文之法作词。能诗，留存不多，部分篇章感时咏史，情辞慷慨，与其词风不同。有《易安居士文集》《易安词》，已散佚。后人有《漱玉词》辑本。今有《李清照集校注》。
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张孟兼
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晚秋气始肃，远客早知寒。登舻越重河，长路浩漫漫。
郑君去故国，水宿更风飧。因兹搆沈绵，伏枕在江干。