双调·沉醉东风·归田
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元代]：汪元亨
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远城市人稠物穰，近村居水色山光。熏陶成野叟情，铲削去时官样，演习会牧歌樵唱。老瓦盆边醉几场，不撞入天罗地网。
达时务呼为俊杰，弃功名岂是痴呆？脚不登王粲楼，手莫弹冯讙铗，赋归来竹篱茅舍。古今陶潜是一绝，为五斗腰肢倦折。
双调·沉醉东风·归田译文及注释
译文
远离了城市的喧嚣，住在山水风光的乡村，不知不觉有了老头子的情怀，把当官的烙印都消除了，学会了民歌野曲，端着老瓦盆和几个农夫喝碗小酒，再也不投身那天罗地网的官场。
发达了被人唤作俊杰，放弃了功名就要被叫做痴呆吗？不学那王粲登楼，冯讙弹琴，他们只是追求功名，辞官归隐竹篱茅舍，古今只有陶渊明是真俊杰，不为那五斗米折了腰。
注释
熏陶成野叟情：感染和陶冶成为老农民似的情性。野叟，野老，老农。
时官样：时髦官员的模样，流行的官僚架势。
老瓦盆边：粗陋的陶制酒器。这是元曲中习用的词语。
天罗地网：喻法制森严、危机四伏，无法逃出官场中设置的陷阱。
达：通晓。
王粲：汉未文学家，“建安七子”之一。西京丧乱，他避难荆州，投靠刘表，未被重用，于是作了一篇《登楼赋》抒发自己久客异乡，才能不得施展所产生的思想情绪，主旨仍是对功名的热衷。
手莫弹冯讙铗：冯讙在孟尝君家里作客，没有得到重视，于是弹铗而歌曰：“长铗归来乎？食无鱼。”有了鱼，又说“出无车”；有了车，又说“无以为家”。他自然也是追求功名富贵的。
双调·沉醉东风·归田鉴赏
首先，用喧器热闹的都市与清幽恬适的村庄比照（明比）。都市的富贵繁华，没有给予作者优越的舒适感，反而觉得自己像久在笼中的鸟，失去自由，失去乐趣，失去本性，而竹篱茅舍，环山傍水的宁静村庄，天然无雕饰，极具诱惑，人在这里可以无拘束无忧虑，心情舒畅地过着淳朴的生活，虽则“带月荷锄归”，不无辛苦，甚至“饥来驱我去”，难免饥寒，但日子过得踏实，过得充实。乡野清幽淡雅的环境很适合作者生活，更是他找到精神解脱的地方，故“近村居水色山光”，是说自己要投入到新环境新生活中去。此外，处在元末乱世的作者，能做到“远城市人稠物穰”，足见他是一位敢于改变自己，对自由生活有所追求的士大夫。通过城乡生活的对照，展现的不仅仅是环境氛围的差异，更是作者的勇气。
其次，用污浊险恶的官场与清新优美的田园比照（暗比）。作者曾以“苍蝇竞争，黑蚁争穴”形容当时官场的腐朽，表达厌恶之情；而对清新幽静的田园则描述到“居山林”，“看青山，玩绿水”……充满着喜悦之情。感情的色彩差异，折射出他对生活价值的取向，官场的生活已让他厌倦，并说出“急流中勇退是豪杰，不因循苟且”，表明退出仕途的决心，而那“采黄花，摘红叶”，“随分耕耘”，“演习会牧歌樵唱”的田园生活令他神往，于是他主动地选择“绝念荣华，甘心恬淡”的道路。他乐田躬耕，是为了最终能够摆脱官场的“天罗地网”，过上自由自在的生活；他歌咏隐逸，“老瓦盆边醉几场”，庆幸自己身心得到了解放。在两种境界的对照中，展现的不仅仅是作者摆脱羁绊而获自由的幸福之情，更是对自身价值的重新认识。
最后，用虚假多变的“时官样”与纯真率真的“野叟情”比照（暗比）。作者对归田前的“官样”和归田后陶冶成的“野叟情”怀有憎恶和喜爱的不同感情。但这前后感情和态度的变化不是静态的，而是动态的，是以行动来表现作者思想本质的改变。这体现生活作风、生活方式上的改变：一是从官场来到乡村，环境变了，自己的生活作风也要彻底改变。清除官场中的习气，就是不迎合，不依附，不伪装，不再察言观色地行事，与随波逐流的坏习气彻底决绝；去掉官吏的架子，就是把身上沾有的号发施令、指手画脚的官僚作风去掉，回归“野叟情”，亲近“野叟情”。所以，“铲削去时官样”暗示作者的人格和尊严没有丢失。二是种地求食，生活在自己的田园———学会“牧歌樵唱”，享受悠然之后；“竹几藤床，草舍柴门”，怡然简朴的生活……熏陶成野叟老农的性情。由此鲜明地反映出作者的脱胎换骨及叛逆精神。
摆脱束缚而流露的欣喜之情，在于表明作者具有积极的追求精神和改变自己的勇气；为归田村居生活而深感自豪，在于表明作者具有纯朴的人生价值和安贫乐道的思想。这是心灵的净化，是高唱人生新旅途新生活的真情流露。
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陶渊明《
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移居·其二》
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周密《
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野步》
汪元亨简介
唐代·汪元亨的简介
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汪元亨（生卒不详），元代文学家。字协贞，号云林，别号临川佚老，饶州（今江西鄱阳）人元至正间出仕浙江省掾，后迁居常熟官至尚书。所作杂剧有三种，今皆不传。《录鬼簿续篇》说他有《归田录》一百篇行世，见重于人。现存小令恰一百首，中题名「警世」者二十首，题作《归田》者八十首。他生当元末明初乱世，从今存散曲内容看，多警世叹时之作，吟咏归田隐逸生活。在艺术上，其散曲风格豪放，语言质朴，善用排比，一气贯注：有些则潇洒典雅，情味浓郁，互文比喻，耐人寻味。
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