青玉案·邻鸡不管离怀苦
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宋代]：黄公度
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邻鸡不管离怀苦，又还是、催人去。回首高城音信阻。霜桥月馆，水村烟市，总是思君处。
裛残别袖燕支雨，谩留得、愁千缕。欲倩归鸿分付与。鸿飞不住，倚阑无语，独立长天暮。
青玉案·邻鸡不管离怀苦译文及注释
译文
邻家的公鸡才不管离别的痛苦，还是不停地啼叫，像是在催人离去。回望高城， 音信却受到阻隔。严霜覆盖的小桥、月光笼罩的驿馆、流水环绕的村庄、烟雾蒙蒙的城市，无一不是思念你的地方。
分别时，溶有胭脂的泪水纷落如雨，沾湿了衣袖，却留下了千万缕哀愁。想请归鸿捎去我的思念，但是（冷漠无情的）鸿雁却不肯停留，展翅渐飞渐远。我倚着栏杆默然无语，独自伫立在暮色笼罩的长空之下。
注释
青玉案：词牌名。
裛（yì）：同“浥”，沾湿。
别袖：分别时挥动的衣袖。
燕支雨：指夹着胭脂的泪水纷落如雨。燕支：即胭脂。
谩（mán）：欺骗。
倩：请托。
归鸿：南归的大雁，这里指回归京城之人。
参考资料：
1、郑红峰编．唐诗 宋词 元曲 第三卷：接力出版社，2014年：第759页
2、（清）蘅塘退士等编．唐诗三百首宋词三百首元曲三百首 两卷版 下：江苏美术出版社，2014年：第312页
青玉案·邻鸡不管离怀苦创作背景
约在绍兴八年（1138）词人刚登第的时候，与主战派赵鼎过从甚密，因而遭到秦桧的忌恨。等到词人离开泉州幕府时，皇帝召他去都城临安。他在奔赴临安之前就预感到前途不妙，故作下此词。
参考资料：
1、（清）朱孝臧编；思熠主编．宋词三百首全解 全民阅读提升版：中国华侨出版社，2015年：第279页
青玉案·邻鸡不管离怀苦鉴赏
上片写因为词人并不愿自己去临安（当时的都城）那政治斗争险恶的地方，所以清晨听到邻家鸡叫，就像受人催促一般，感到十分厌烦。开篇的“邻鸡不管离怀苦，又还是、催人去”，表面上看起来是词人在责怪晨鸡不懂离人的痛苦，实则是在变相地表达词人的不忍。和直接说自己不愿离去的词句相比，这种迂回用笔的写法更具艺术表现力。
当词人启程，欲要回望不愿离开的地方和家人时，却发现“高城音信阻”，如此一去，今后取得联系可谓难矣。“霜桥月馆，水村烟市”为移步换景的写法。随着他继续赶路，沿途的风景不断变化，由开始的霜中、桥与月下之馆，逐渐转换成绕水而建、水雾环绕的村郭。“总是思君处”收尾上片，暗示词人一路走来，从没有停止过对家中亲人的思念。其不舍、思念，通过景色的变化暗示，以景传情，细腻而婉转，让人感同身受。
下片径承上片意脉，将“总是思君处”中的“恩”字层层演绎，写异地恋人的两地哀愁。“燕支雨”是女子溶有脂粉的泪水，“襄残别袖燕支雨，谩留得、愁千缕”即是词人回想，佳人送别时敛擦泪的情景。她啼哭着为词人送别，楚楚可怜的模样，让离人更加愁肠百转。
正当他愁绪难以释怀的时候，大雁飞过。古人云：“鱼传尺素，飞鸿托书。”北雁南飞，不受“高城”阻隔，词人怀想，欲请鸿雁为南方佳人捎去音信，报个平安。怎奈“鸿雁不住”，自顾自地飞去，一点儿都不懂斯人情意。其实，词人责备“鸿飞不住”，不过是借责备飞鸿来释放心中怨意。
鸿雁无情，词人只得倚栏无语，“独立长天暮”，沉浸在思念中默默无言，望着眼前的天色慢慢变暗。景语作结，把词人深沉的思量寄寓景中，含而不露，意味深长。
整首词很好地运用了比兴寄托的手法，词人清晨时对于邻鸡的不满，其实也暗喻着对于朝廷上秦桧势力的不满，对于邻鸡的责备也流露出词人对于秦桧势力的怨恨。而其后对于鸿雁的责备，也同样出于此理。曲折笔意写来，婉而多讽，尽显风雅遗风。
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黄公度简介
唐代·黄公度的简介
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黄公度（1109～1156）字师宪，号知稼翁，莆田（今属福建）人。绍兴八年进士第一，签书平海军节度判官。后被秦桧诬陷，罢归。除秘书省正字，罢为主管台州崇道观。十九年，差通判肇庆府，摄知南恩州。桧死复起，仕至尚书考功员外郎兼金部员外郎，卒年四十八，著有《知稼翁集》十一卷，《知稼翁词》一卷。
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