菩萨蛮·蕊黄无限当山额
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唐代]：温庭筠
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蕊黄无限当山额，宿妆隐笑纱窗隔。相见牡丹时，暂来还别离。
翠钗金作股，钗上蝶双舞。心事竟谁知？月明花满枝。
菩萨蛮·蕊黄无限当山额译文及注释
译文
宿妆的蕊黄只留下依稀残迹，迷蒙的纱窗又将你的笑容隐去。你来时已是晚春时节，刚刚来又匆匆别离。相见时虽有牡丹花开，终难留住将逝的春意。
玉钗上配有金股的装饰，钗上的彩蝶舞弄着双翅。明月洒下遍地的银光，照着院里黄花满枝。欲问明月和黄花，你可知道我的心事？
注释
菩萨蛮：本唐教坊曲名，后用为词牌名，也用作曲牌名。亦作“菩萨鬘”，又名“子夜歌”“重叠金”等。双调，四十四字，属小令，以五七言组成。上下片均两仄韵转两平韵。
蕊黄：即额黄。因色似花蕊，故名。
山额：旧称眉为远山眉，眉上额间故称山额。或解为额间的高处。
宿妆：隔夜的妆饰，残妆。隐笑：浅笑。
牡丹时：牡丹开花的时节，即暮春三月。
暂：刚，表示时间短。吴本《花间集》作“新”。还：迅速，立即。
翠钗：镶嵌了翠玉的金钗，一种插于发髻的精美首饰。股：钗的组成部分，俗称钗脚。
蝶双舞：钗头所饰双蝶舞形。
参考资料：
1、廖仲安．花间词派选集．北京：北京师范大学出版社，1993：11-12
2、邱美琼 胡建次．温庭筠词全集汇校汇注汇评．武汉：崇文书局，2015：6-8
3、房开江 崔黎民．花间集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1997：4-5
菩萨蛮·蕊黄无限当山额创作背景
此词约作于大中（唐宣宗年号，847—860）后期。《菩萨蛮》诸词乃温庭筠所撰而由令狐绹进献唐宣宗之作。其时当在大中四年（850）十月至十三年（859）十月之间，《唐五代文学编年史》编为大中六年（852）前后，正值温庭筠屡试不第之时。
参考资料：
1、刘学锴．温庭筠诗词选．郑州：中州古籍出版社，2011：169-203
2、叶嘉莹．唐宋词十七讲．北京：北京大学出版社，2007：14-24
菩萨蛮·蕊黄无限当山额鉴赏
这首词写思妇离情，为怀旧思远之作表现她对相聚时短，相别时速的无限怨恨之情。这种怨恨之情贯穿全篇。
上片写人、记事。开头即写初次相会时的突出印象，旨句“蕊黄无限当山额”，先从女主人公的额妆入笔，写出唐时流行的妇女妆饰美，由妆饰美，映托出女性形象美。下接次句，“宿妆隐笑纱窗隔”，写美人慵懒、怨淡的情态。此处“宿妆”，是在昭示女主人公晨起未理新妆，一副无情无绪的慵懒之状。“隐笑”二字，指笑意收敛、隐褪不显，表达一种忧苦、怨淡的表情。
“相见牡丹时，暂来还别离”二句，叙写相见旋别情事，有“相见何迟，相别何速”之意，点到“离情”的题上来。”相逢牡丹时”一语双关，牡丹既是说花，也是说人，都是最美的青春时节。然而，好花不常开，好景不常在，词人借用一个“暂”字，再清楚不过地表明“相见”时间之短暂；紧接又着一“还”字，表明离去匆匆。而在此之前“相见牡丹时”的欢笑与种种美好的情事，伴随着“暂来还别离”的词句倏然远去，引起后面无限的伤感。
下片写饰物、写美景，烘托“别离”的情思。女主人公头饰非常美，翠钗闪烁着金黄碧绿的光泽，且以金作股，可见其贵重。钗由两股组成，古代情侣分别时常常掰钗为二，二人分执一股，以表相思，盼望重合。词人以重笔描摹“金作股”的妇女头钗，不单单是追求词句精致的装饰美，其深层的意蕴还在于以金钗暗示二人“似金钿坚”的爱情，以及女主人公对爱情持守的坚定。蝶双舞，这是借助钗上装饰的双飞蝶，象征美女的脉脉芳心，同时也反衬她孤独的心境。从翠钗上双双蝶舞，感伤别后的情难再遇，勾起无限心事重重，不得平复。
“心事竟谁知？月明花满枝”二句倒装，意谓对着当头明月的满枝繁花，也无从诉说她的心事。“心事”二字，承“暂来还别离”而来：女主人公因追忆往日爱情的欢乐，而更加剧对离人的相思之情，“竟谁知”三字透露着女主人公深深的叹惋。词情至此，已趋整合，这种无人知晓又难与人说的情感，再怎么表达也只能沉默。所以，最后一句，“月明花满枝”，表面上看，是在描写明月朗照、鲜花满枝春夜美景，而进一层，则是女子在夜深人静之时，只能对着空中明月和园中花枝，无声苦相思，良辰美景徒然虚设。以淡语收煞，融怀人的情思于眼前之景，意境凄迷。
这首词的创作，很典型地体现温庭筠追求一种隐约含蓄之美。作者选择具有丰富象征意义和暗示作用的“妆”与“饰”，来表达人物内心深隐情思。全词惟有结句一句是写景，也是以美景隐悲情，令人回味无穷。
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温庭筠简介
唐代·温庭筠的简介
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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西楼怨为孔宗鲁悼亡作
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：
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樊阜
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莺啼燕语春漫漫，落花飞絮吹作团。
雨歇西楼晚晴薄，弦丝调短催长叹。