宿赞公房
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唐代]：杜甫
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杖锡何来此，秋风已飒然。
放逐宁违性，虚空不离禅。
宿赞公房译文及注释
译文
高僧怎么也会来到这里？在这秋风飒飒的季节我与您相逢。
阴雨撂荒了您深院的菊花，严霜欺倒了半池莲影。
遭到放逐又岂能违背心性？身居荒野也未能放弃禅宗。
今夜与您相逢共宿，陇上的明月也向我们现出圆圆的光影。
注释
杖锡（xī）：手持锡仗。锡仗，菩萨头陀十八物之一，上有四股十二环，表示四谛十二姻缘之义。比丘向人乞食，到门口，便震动锡杖上的小环作声，以让人知道。
飒（sà）然：形容风吹时沙沙作响。
宁：岂能。
虚空：荒野无人之处。赞公土室在山野。
陇（lǒng）月：洁白明亮的月亮。
参考资料：
1、《禅诗精选》（姜子夫主编）.大众文艺出版社，2005年1月版，第024页
2、韩成武 张志民,．杜甫诗全译：河北人民出版社，1997年10月第1版：第274页
宿赞公房创作背景
此诗当是乾元二年（759）深秋在秦州时作。赞公是杜甫的旧友，在长安大云寺作住持时，曹留杜甫在寺内小住，并赠送丝细毛布。不曾想到在流寓中相逢。诗中描写夜宿赞公土室的所见所感，对赞公的守禅本性给予赞美，抒发了他乡遇故知的欣喜之情。
参考资料：
1、韩成武 张志民．杜甫诗全译：河北人民出版社，1997年10月第1版：第274页
宿赞公房鉴赏
诗人因上疏救宰相房琯，被贬弃官，暂居秦州，不意遇到了谪置此地的原京师大云寺赞公，所以以“锡杖何来此”反诘起笔，表现了惊愕之情。“秋风已飒然”自然是寄情于景，以秋风述说一份不满与困苦。“雨荒深院菊，霜倒半池莲”紧接“秋风”义旨，进一步渲染赞公与自己处境的萧条凄凉。对仗工整，用字精准，以“荒”“倒”二字使冷落身世传神而出。此处也为下文赞叹赞公梵行高洁，禅心清净作一反衬。诗至“放逐宁违性，虚空不离禅”则秋戚之情一扫而空，换之以无尽的平和，又透出独立孤峰顶的豪情。赞公深通佛法，无论外境如何变化，也不能动摇他的清净心。而一切万法无非真如，放逐本身也不离空性，就如虚空也是禅。在赞公身边，使诗人也感染了几分宁静安详。夜间在赞公房间休息，望见朗朗明月，扫清太虚，犹如禅心空明，能出种种违顺。同时尾联也点出题意，以作照应。
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纳兰性德《
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李清照《
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鹧鸪天·寒日萧萧上琐窗》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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