于郡城送明卿之江西
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明代]：李攀龙
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青枫飒飒雨凄凄，秋色遥看入楚迷。
谁向孤舟怜逐客，白云相送大江西。
于郡城送明卿之江西译文及注释
译文
阵阵寒风，绵绵细雨将江边青枫吹打得飒飒作响。遥看水天相接处的楚天，雨中秋色，一片迷蒙。
有谁会到这孤舟上可怜被放逐的你呢，只有白云一路相伴，送你到大江以西。
注释
郡城：指济南府（今山东济南市）。明卿：吴国伦的字，兴国（今江西兴国县）人，“后七子”之一。
飒飒（sà）：风雨声。青枫飒飒：指吴将往之地。
楚：指江西，古为南楚。
怜，怜惜，这里有同情的意思。
逐客：指贬逐出京的官员，此谓吴国伦。
白云：这里是说自己心随白云送吴远赴江西贬所，表示对吴的同情。
参考资料：
1、李梦生．元明诗一百首：上海古籍出版社，1999.07：126
2、季镇淮，冯钟芸，陈贻焮．历代诗歌选 第4册：中国青年出版社，1980.03：1091
3、叶桂刚 王贵元．中国古代十大律诗精品赏析：北京广播学院出版社，1993.04：723
于郡城送明卿之江西创作背景
明世宗嘉靖三十四年，即公元1555年10月，兵部武选司杨继盛因弹劾权奸严嵩，被严嵩诬害处死。吴国伦当时为兵部给事中，倡议为杨继盛赠礼送葬，因此违忤严嵩，被严嵩贬为南康（今江西省南康县西南）推官。此时作者正在济南养病，吴国伦赴江西途经济南时，李攀龙写了这首七绝为其送行。
参考资料：
1、毕桂发．毛泽东批阅古典诗词曲赋全编 下册：中国工人出版社，1997.07：941
于郡城送明卿之江西鉴赏
“青枫飒飒雨凄凄”，首句从时节、送别地点及风声雨景，层层渲染一种愁情，烘托出一个特定的场景。秋天本来就是令人伤感的季节，离别的地点、环境也令人消魂。“青枫”除了暗示分别、在江边外，还透露出一股飘泊的愁情，而此时之秋风秋雨更是愁煞人也。首句实融进了古人不少意境，有丰富含蕴，委婉地映衬出一对好友离别时低徊悱恻、依依不舍的感情。
第二句“秋色遥看入楚迷”，循着上句意脉，将那悠悠愁思形象化地向纵深推进一层。“迷”字用得极妙，既是当时现场景色的真实描写，点染出凄凄秋雨中特有的迷蒙景色，又暗示离人前途的渺茫，自然界的风雨常使人联想到政治风雨，暗含了诗人对好友今后命运的担忧。表达了作者对友人前途不明的忧虑与牵挂。
“谁向孤舟怜逐客，白云相送大江西”，诗的后两句笔锋一转，意境豁然开朗，感情也由低沉转入昂扬，从正面表白心情，明代严嵩专政，采取高压政策，残酷地打击异已。吴国伦既因得罪严嵩而遭贬，李攀龙写此诗送别，许多话自然只能隐约示意了。这二句写唯有白云相送入江西，恐怕不仅在于以此显出别时情境的冷落凄凉，大约还有以此隐示吴国伦为人清正廉洁，正可与白云作伴之意，在艺术表现上更因此而收到了寂寞而又不孤独之妙，使感情不至一味地颓丧消沉。以此结篇，既对遭遇打击的友人传达了充分的同情，显示了双方的深情厚谊，更表达了对友人人格的充分信任，因而自能收到良好的宽慰友人的作用。“白云相送大江西”一句，表现了诗人的牵挂之情，和对朋友的赞赏和激励之意。既表明了自己思念关怀之情与白云同在，也用白云暗喻友人清高飘逸、潇洒独行的品格，字里行间饱含激励之情，只白云相送，何其寂寥；有白云相送，何其绝俗。堪称神来之笔。它是饱含着惜别之情的抒情笔法，又使人想象到当时诗人目送孤舟远去之景。笔意洒脱，与上句“孤舟逐客”联系起来，又传出一种凄凉之感。
这首诗在感情处理和意象安排上，采用了先抑后扬的手法，其感情由低沉转入激越，意境凄冷转入高远。首句描写秋风秋雨的凄凉惆怅，感情十分低沉，意境十分凄冷。第二句写遥望秋色，表达了诗人对友人前途的担忧牵挂，氛围虽仍低沉。但境界已较前句开阔。三、四句基调急转直上，虚拟一问一答，冲破了低沉的情调，意境高远，感情激越。全在感情的最强音上嘎然而止，但句断而意未尽，余言袅袅，余韵悠长，颇堪回味。感情蕴含相当复杂，结构安排错落有致，伤时、惜别、惆怅、牵挂、劝勉、期望交织重迭，如果安排不当就会落入“剪不断，理还乱”的境地，而本诗通过结构上的巧妙安排、剪贴，将这些复杂的感情恰到好处地表现出来，而且意象不显芜杂，语言也十分自然。
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孟郊《
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古怨别》
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贺铸《
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眼儿媚·萧萧江上荻花秋》
李攀龙简介
唐代·李攀龙的简介
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李攀龙（1514—1570）字于鳞，号沧溟，汉族，历城（今山东济南）人。明代著名文学家。继“前七子”之后，与谢榛、王世贞等倡导文学复古运动，为“后七子”的领袖人物，被尊为“宗工巨匠”。主盟文坛20余年，其影响及于清初。
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