已酉端午
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元代]：贝琼
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已酉端午译文及注释
译文
端午突遇风雨天气昏沉阴暗，汨罗江上无人凭吊逝去的屈原。
盛开如火的石榴花好像也在笑话我，陶渊明即使不喝酒，也一样仰慕屈原卓然不群的清醒。
注释
端阳：端午节。
晦冥：昏暗；阴沉，昏暗气象，出自《史记.龟策列传》。
汨罗：汨罗江。
吊：凭吊，吊祭。
英灵：指屈原。
海榴：即石榴，古人以石榴传自海外，故名。
渊明：指陶渊明，东晋诗人。
独：独自。
醒：清醒。
已酉端午创作背景
此诗作于公元1369年（明太祖洪武二年）夏历五月初。诗人在端午节遇到风雨，天气昏暗，看到汨罗江上没有人祭奠屈原，心中感慨作下此诗。
参考资料：
1、孙正国．元代以来的端午诗词．北京：中国社会出版社，2008：191
2、谢晨星.铁门诗人贝琼生平考.时代文学(上半月),2012(4):180-181
已酉端午鉴赏
诗人在端午节遇到风雨，天气昏暗，使得汨罗江上没有人祭奠屈原这位伟大的爱国者，屈原忠心为国却屡遭贬谪，怀才不遇，千年后的风雨还耽误了人们对屈原的祭奠和怀念，整个汨罗江上没有一处可以凭吊屈原英魂的地方，诗人心中不由得伤感起来，然而开放的榴花似乎在嘲笑诗人自寻烦恼，于是诗人只好自嘲的引用陶渊明的事迹，纵然陶渊明这样的纵情山水的隐士，对屈原的仰慕之情也丝毫未减。全诗在平淡的天气描写和议论中抒发情感。
此诗起句写景，先写端午节的天气，晦冥而有风雨，借景抒情，运用风雨之景为下文抒情做铺垫，第二句兴“英灵何在”之叹，诗人想起了屈原的怀才不遇，运用屈原之典故，进而感伤身世，为屈原以及自己的怀才不遇而感到愤懑，“汨罗无处吊英灵”一句中的“无处”既对应了上文的风雨晦暝，也抒发了屈原英灵无人凭吊的伤感。
后两句将“榴花”拟人化，一个“笑”字赋予榴花以人的情感，使得全诗生动而蕴含趣味，诗人在与榴花的交流中，借榴花之“笑”流露自己虽有才华但是不得志的情感。巧用了陶渊明的典故，运用对比的方法，表在自嘲，实指超脱自我。一个”醒“字给读者留下丰富的想象，回味无穷。
整首诗委婉多姿，工致含蓄，表现了诗人贝琼对自己怀才不遇的哀伤，也同时抒发虽不被赏识但仍旧洒脱的豁达精神，表达诗人对隐士人格和精神的向往。
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上一首：
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汤显祖《
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午日处州禁竞渡》
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下一首：
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张说《
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端午三殿侍宴应制探得鱼字》
贝琼简介
唐代·贝琼的简介
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贝琼(1314～1379）初名阙，字廷臣，一字廷琚、仲琚，又字廷珍，别号清江。约生于元成宗大德初，卒于明太祖洪武十二年，年八十余岁。贝琼从杨维桢学诗，取其长而去其短；其诗论推崇盛唐而不取法宋代熙宁、元丰诸家。文章冲融和雅，诗风温厚之中自然高秀，足以领袖一时。著有《中星考》、《清江贝先生集》、《清江稿》、《云间集》等。
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