蓦山溪·湖平春水
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宋代]：周邦彦
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湖平春水，菱荇萦船尾。空翠入衣襟，拊轻桹、游鱼惊避。晚来潮上，迤逦没沙痕，山四倚。云渐起。鸟度屏风里。
周郎逸兴，黄帽侵云水。落日媚沧洲，泛一棹、夷犹未已。玉箫金管，不共美人游，因个甚，烟雾底。独爱莼羹美。
蓦山溪·湖平春水译文及注释
译文
春天的湖水平如明镜，菱荇缠绕在船尾。眼前绿意盎然，水雾迷蒙，扑入游人的衣襟，轻轻拍着桹，水里的游鱼都避让开来。傍晚潮水来临，淹没曲折绵延的岸沙。四面环绕着青山。云霞渐渐升起。飞鸟从这重叠的山峦经过。
周郎兴致闲适，行船于云水相映的湖面。落日晚霞使得水滨之地更显艳美，自由自在地划船桨，意犹未尽。与吹箫弄笛的美人共游，也比上这番，为什么呢？在这云烟雾气当中，独独偏爱故乡莼羹的美味。
注释
蓦（mò）山溪：词牌名，又名“上阳春”、“心月照云溪”、“弄珠英”。双调八十二字，前后段各九句、三仄韵。
菱荇（xìng）：泛指水草。菱：一种浮水水生草本植物。荇：荇菜，一种浮于水面的白茎紫叶的水草。萦（yíng）：缠绕。
空翠：指带露的草木的叶子又绿又亮，像是要滴下水来。
拊（fǔ）：拍，击。桹（láng）：捕鱼时用以敲船的长木条。
迤逦（yǐ lǐ）：曲折绵延。没（mò）：淹没。
屏风：喻重叠的山峰。
周郎：作者自称。逸兴：清雅闲适的兴致。
黄帽：指头戴黄帽的船夫。侵云水：指行船于云水相映的湖面。
媚：娇媚，这里是艳美的意思。沧洲：水滨之地。
棹（zhào）：船桨。泛一棹：指用桨划船。夷犹：徜徉，从容不迫、自由自在的意思。
玉箫金管：管乐器的美称，也指吹箫弄笛的美人。
莼（chún）羹美：指隐居的乐趣。
参考资料：
1、刘扬忠．《周邦彦词选评》．上海：上海古籍出版社，2003年12月：第155页
蓦山溪·湖平春水创作背景
这首词写羁旅仕宦之愁。从词中流露的不再迷恋功名，而要回归自然的情绪，以及“夷犹”一语所表现出的在用舍行藏之间的犹豫、矛盾心态来看，应是中年以后的作品。
参考资料：
1、周邦彦著 谢永芳注评．《周邦彦词》．河南：中州古籍出版社，2015年5月：第41页—42页
蓦山溪·湖平春水鉴赏
周邦彦是钱塘人,钱塘的软糯甜美在他的词里面好像手工的豆沙汤圆，妥帖细腻——读来是朗朗上口的浑然天成,探究起来又全都是工巧。这首《蓦山溪》讲一次春日郊游,读起来真的让人如同春风拂面,不饮而醉。
细究起来,大概因为词牌押了仄尾,在“避”“倚”“里”的韵脚上，单韵母且齐口韵读起来气息绵密,扁平,在听觉上就好像丝绒的皱,水上的痕,绵绵荡远。
上片描写黄昏里的船行。他说泛舟，你却不觉得水花四溅,好像每一棹都是温柔的。水藻和菱角“紫”绕着船尾,晚来的潮水,不急不缓仪态万千，“迤逦”没过沙滩，而远处的山也如美人一.般随意地摆了一个“倚”的姿势。
所有的动词都经过仔细考量,烘托出一种似有似无的缠绵。“云渐起，鸟度屏风里”一句是转一景由远而近,情由实而虚。如同我们看电视的片头曲,空镜头摇过山水，而后由窗子里框人寻常百姓家。
整个上片是周邦彦式的对于章法结构的推敲,看上片，像是走在曲院风荷,移步换景,却又回环往复,一唱三叹。上片与下片之间,用“鸟度屏风”一句虚实交替,由自然的天地之美,转向人文的江南。
下片写情,重用典,却因为融典故于情境之中,并不显得掉书袋。下片几乎可以说是无-字不用典,却因为精巧的安排,脱胎换骨,成为自己的博雅之句。
说江南的风流，自然少不了音乐,在周邦彦的这首词里,周瑜不再是火烧赤壁的将领，而是“曲有误,周郎顾”的音乐家，黄帽青鞋,如同一般文人士子的打扮,持双桨泛舟夕阳，是十分的风流。
有趣的是,周邦彦也可被称作“周郎”,他也曾经自比周郎--在《六幺令》里,周邦彦就写道“惆怅周郎已老,莫唱当时曲”。所以“周郎”一句,周邦彦一语双关，既用周瑜的典,也在照应自己这次的出游。“玉箫金管”出自李白的“木兰之世沙棠舟，玉箫金管坐两头”,在这里却是反用一---边是华丽的乐器，美艳的女子，一-边却是黄帽青鞋的朴素诗人，而隔开华美世俗与清淡自我的是诗人的人生追求——“烟雾底,独爱莼羹美”。
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周邦彦《
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蓦山溪·湖平春水》
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陆宏定《
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望湘人·记归程过半》
周邦彦简介
唐代·周邦彦的简介
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周邦彦（1056年－1121年），中国北宋末期著名的词人，字美成，号清真居士，汉族，钱塘（今浙江杭州）人。历官太学正、庐州教授、知溧水县等。徽宗时为徽猷阁待制，提举大晟府。精通音律，曾创作不少新词调。作品多写闺情、羁旅，也有咏物之作。格律谨严。语言典丽精雅。长调尤善铺叙。为后来格律派词人所宗。旧时词论称他为“词家之冠”。有《清真集》传世。
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