题李凝幽居
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唐代]：贾岛
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闲居少邻并，草径入荒园。
暂去还来此，幽期不负言。
题李凝幽居译文及注释
译文
悠闲地住在这里很少有邻居来，杂草丛生的小路通向荒芜小园。
鸟儿自由地栖息在池边的树上，皎洁的月光下僧人正敲着山门。
走过桥去看见原野迷人的景色，云脚在飘动山石也好像在移动。
我暂时离开这里但是还会回来，按约定的日期与朋友一起隐居。
注释
⑴少（shǎo）：不多。
⑵池边：一作“池中”。
⑶分野色：山野景色被桥分开。
⑷云根：古人认为“云触石而生”，故称石为云根。这里指石根云气。
⑸幽期：时间非常漫长。负言：指食言，不履行诺言，失信的意思。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等 ．全唐诗（下） ．上海 ：上海古籍出版社 ，1986 ：1462 ．
2、于海娣 等 ．唐诗鉴赏大全集 ．北京 ：中国华侨出版社 ，2010 ：352-353 ．
3、蘅塘退士 等 ．唐诗三百首·宋词三百首·元曲三百首 ．北京 ：华文出版社 ，2009 ：143-144 ．
题李凝幽居创作背景
这是一首描写诗人访友人李凝未遇的小诗，其具体创作时间难考证。据诗意可知，一天，贾岛去长安城郊外，拜访一个叫李凝的朋友。等他到达李凝居所时，已经天黑。这时，夜深人静，月光皎洁，他的敲门声惊醒了树上的小鸟。不巧，这天李凝不在家。于是贾岛有感而发，创作了这首诗。
参考资料：
1、施绍文 等 ．唐诗鉴赏辞典 ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1983 ：961-962 ．
题李凝幽居鉴赏
这首诗以“鸟宿池边树，僧敲月下门”一联著称。全诗只是抒写了作者走访友人李凝未遇这样一件寻常小事。
首联“闲居少邻并，草径入荒园”，诗人用很经济的手法，描写了这一幽居的周围环境：一条杂草遮掩的小路通向荒芜不治的小园；近旁，亦无人家居住。淡淡两笔，十分概括地写了一个“幽”字，暗示出李凝的隐士身分。
“鸟宿池边树，僧敲月下门”，是历来广为传诵的名句。这两句诗，粗看有些费解。诗人当然不可能连夜晚宿在池边树上的鸟都能看到。其实，这正见出诗人构思之巧，用心之苦。正由于月光皎洁，万籁俱寂，因此老僧（或许即指作者）一阵轻微的敲门声，就惊动了宿鸟，或是引起鸟儿一阵不安的噪动，或是鸟从窝中飞出转了个圈，又栖宿巢中了。作者抓住了这一瞬即逝的现象，来刻画环境之幽静，响中寓静，有出人意料之胜。倘用“推”字，当然没有这样的艺术效果了。
颈联“过桥分野色，移石动云根”，是写回归路上所见。过桥是色彩斑斓的原野；晚风轻拂，云脚飘移，仿佛山石在移动。“石”是不会“移”的，诗人用反说，别具神韵。这一切，又都笼罩着一层洁白如银的月色，更显出环境的自然恬淡，幽美迷人。
尾联”暂去还来此，幽期不负言“，表明诗人不负归隐的约定。前三联都是叙事与写景，最后一联点出诗人心中幽情，托出诗的主旨。正是这种幽雅的处所，悠闲自得的情趣，引起作者对隐逸生活的向往。
诗中的草径、荒园、宿鸟、池树、野色、云根，无一不是寻常所见景物；闲居、敲门、过桥、暂去等等，无一不是寻常的行事。然而诗人偏于寻常处道出了人所未道之境界，语言质朴，冥契自然，而又韵味醇厚。
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元好问《
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论诗三十首·十二》
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元好问《
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论诗三十首·二十九》
贾岛简介
唐代·贾岛的简介
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贾岛（779～843年），字浪（阆）仙，唐代诗人。汉族，唐朝河北道幽州范阳县（今河北省涿州市）人。早年出家为僧，号无本。自号“碣石山人”。据说在洛阳的时候后因当时有命令禁止和尚午后外出，贾岛做诗发牢骚，被韩愈发现其才华。后受教于韩愈，并还俗参加科举，但累举不中第。唐文宗的时候被排挤，贬做长江主簿。唐武宗会昌年初由普州司仓参军改任司户，未任病逝。
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