水调歌头·多景楼
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宋代]：陆游
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江左占形胜，最数古徐州。连山如画，佳处缥缈著危楼。鼓角临风悲壮，烽火连空明灭，往事忆孙刘。千里曜戈甲，万灶宿貔貅。
露沾草，风落木，岁方秋。使君宏放，谈笑洗尽古今愁。不见襄阳登览，磨灭游人无数，遗恨黯难收。叔子独千载，名与汉江流。
水调歌头·多景楼译文及注释
译文
江东一带据有险要形势的地方，第一要数像屏障般雄伟的镇江。山挽山，山连山，就像画图般莽莽苍苍，云渺渺，水隐隐，景色美处耸立着高高的楼房。战事又起，战鼓号角声面对着风显得格外悲壮。烽火连天，明明灭灭隔江相望，如烟往事，遥想起孙权、刘备在此地共商破曹大事。当年孙刘联军的军容啊，银戈金甲千里都闪着光芒。军士野宿，万灶烟腾，正如同今日宋军一样。
露珠结在草上，风吹黄叶飘荡，正当金秋时光。方滋啊，你的气魄真宏大豪放。感今愁，怀古忧，全被你谈笑间一扫而光。君不见羊祜曾登临岘山，观赏襄阳？那无数登山贤士早涅末无能。他们的遗恨难收，空令人黯然神伤。独有羊祜千年传扬，他的英名如同浩浩汉江千古流长。
注释
多景楼：在镇江北固山上甘露寺内。1164年10月初，出任镇江府通判的陆游陪同镇江知府方兹（即“使君”）登楼游宴，写下此词。时金兵方踞淮北，镇江为江防前线。
江左：长江最下游的地方，即今江苏省等地。
徐州：指镇江。东晋南渡，置侨州侨郡，曾以徐州治镇江，故镇江又称徐州或南徐州。
缥缈：似有若无。
危楼，高楼。
鼓角：战鼓号角。
烽火：边防报警的烟火。
明灭：忽明忽暗。
孙刘：三国时孙权和刘备，曾联合破曹操。
曜（yào）：照耀。
戈甲：兵器和盔甲。
灶：军中炊灶，指代营垒。
貔貅（pí xiū）：猛兽，喻指勇猛战士。
使君：古代州郡长官所称，此处指方滋。方滋（1102—1172），字务德，严州桐庐（今属浙江）人。以荫入仕，时知镇江府事。
宏放：通达豪放。 ‘
黯（àn）：昏黑。
叔子：西晋大将羊祜（hù），字叔子，镇守襄阳，曾登临兴悲。晋泰始五年（269）以尚书左仆射都督荆州诸军事，出镇襄阳，在镇十年。
汉江：汉水，流经襄阳。
参考资料：
1、邹志方选注．《陆游诗词选》．北京：中华书局，2005年08月第1版：第207页
2、张永鑫，刘桂秋译注．《宋元明清--陆游诗词选译》．四川：巴蜀书社，1990年第1版：第271页
水调歌头·多景楼创作背景
孝宗隆兴元年（公元1163年）陆游三十九岁，以枢密院编修官兼编类圣政所检讨官出任镇江府通判。当时金兵方踞淮北，镇江为江防前线，而多景楼在镇江北固山上甘露寺内。孝宗隆兴二年十月初，陆游陪同知镇江府事方滋登楼游宴时，内心感叹而写下此词赋。
参考资料：
1、邹志方选注．《陆游诗词选》．北京：中华书局，2005年08月第1版：第207页
水调歌头·多景楼鉴赏
公元1163年（孝宗隆兴元年）陆游三十九岁，以枢密院编修官兼编类圣政所检讨官出任镇江府通判，次年二月到任所。时金兵方踞淮北，镇江为江防前线。多影楼在镇江北固山上甘露寺内。北固下滨大江，三面环水，登楼遥望，淮南草木，历历可数。这年十月初，陆游陪同知镇江府事方滋登楼游宴时，内心感叹而写下此词赋。
词的上片追忆历史人物，下片写今日登临所怀，全词发出了对古今的感慨之情，表现了作者强烈的爱国热情。
开始从多景楼的形势写起。自“江左”而“古徐州”，再“连山”，再“危楼”，镜头由大到小，由远到近，由鸟瞰到局部，最后大特写点题。这本来是描写景物常见的手法，陆游写来却更加具有特色。他选择滚滚长江、莽莽群山入画，衬出烟云缥缈、似有若无之产矗立着的一座高楼，摄山川之魄，为斯楼之骨，就使这“危楼”有了气象，有了精神。姜夔《扬州慢》以“淮左名都，竹西佳处”开篇，同样步步推近，但情韵气象两者完全不同。陆词起则苍莽横空，气象森严；姜则指点名胜，用笔从容平缓。当然，这是由于两位词人各自不同的思想感情决定的。姜词一味低徊，纯乎黍离之悲，故发端纾缓；陆则寄意恢复，于悲壮中蓄雄健之气。他勾勒眼前江山，意在引出历史上的风流人物，故起则昂扬，承则慷慨，带起“鼓角”一层五句，追忆三国时代孙、刘合兵共破强曹的往事。烽火明灭，戈甲耀眼，军幕星罗，而以“连空”、“万灶”皴染，骤视之如在耳目之前，画面雄浑辽阔。加上鼓角随风，悲凉肃杀，更为这辽阔画面配音刷色，与上一层的滚滚长江、莽莽群山互相呼应衬托，江山人物，相得益彰。这样，给人的感受就绝不是低徊于历史的风雨中，而是激起图强自振的勇气，黄戈跃马豪情。上片情景浑然一体，过拍处更是一派豪壮。
然而，孙刘已杳，天地悠悠，登台浩歌，难免怆然泣下，故换头处以九字为三顿，节奏峻急，露草风枝，绘出秋容惨淡，情绪稍转低沉。接下去“使君”两句又重新振起，展开当前俊彦登楼、宾主谈笑斥的场面，敷色再变明丽。“古今愁”启下结上。“古愁”启“襄阳登览”下意，“今愁”慨言当前。当前可愁之事实在是太多了。前一年张浚北伐，兵溃符离，宋廷从此不敢言兵，是事之可愁者一。孝宗侈谈恢复，实则输币乞和，靦颜事金。“日者虽尝诏以缟素出师，而玉帛之使未尝不蹑其后”，是事之可愁者二。眼下自己又被逐出临安，到镇江去做通判，去君愈远，一片谋国这忠，永无以自达于庙堂之上，是事之可愁者三。君国身世之愁，纷至沓来，故重言之曰“古今愁”。但志士的心，并没有因此而灰心。事实上，山东、淮北来归者道路相望；金兵犯淮。淮之民渡江归宋若有数十万，可见民心是可以挽回的国事，也是可以解决的。因此，虽烽烟未息，知府方滋就携群僚登楼谈笑风生。他的这种乐观情绪，洗尽了词兴心中的万千忧愁。这一层包孕的感情非常复杂，色彩声情，错综而富有层次，于苍凉中见明快，在飞扬外寄深沉。最后一层，用西晋大将羊祜（字点子）镇守襄阳，登临兴悲故事，以古况今，前三句抒发自己壮志难酬，抑压不平的心情。所云“襄阳遗恨”即是指羊祜志在灭吴而在生时未能亲手克敌完成此大业的遗恨词。意在这里略作一顿，然后以高唱转入歇拍，借羊祜劝勉方滋，希望他能象羊祜那样，为渡江北伐作好部署，建万世之奇勋，垂令名于千载，寄予一片希望。羊祜是晋人，与“古徐州”之为晋代地望回环相接，收足全篇。
这首词记一时兴会，寓千古兴亡，容量特大，寄慨遥深，后来，张孝祥书而刻之于崖石，题记中有“慨然太息”之语；毛开次韵和歌，下片有“登临无尽，须信诗眼不供愁”之句。“诗眼不供愁”之句。“诗眼不供愁”五字可以领会放翁有所期待、并未绝望的深心。二十五年之后，另一位豪放词人陈亮也曾以《念奴娇》赋多景楼，有“危楼还望，叹此意、今古几人曾会”的感慨万千之语。陈亮此阕，较之陆词更为横肆痛快。词人着眼，凝注大江，意者此江不应视为南北天限，当长驱北伐，收复中原。与放翁之感慨抑郁者，意境大不相同。陈亮平生之怀，一寄于词，惯以词写政治见解。他这一阕《多景楼》，纯然议论战守，纵谈攻防，自六朝王谢到今之庙堂，特别是对那些倡言“南此有定势，吴楚之脆弱不足以争衡中原”的失败论者，明指直斥，豪无顾忌，其精神可流传千古。但作为文学作品讽诵玩味，终觉一泻无余，略输蕴藉风致，不如陆作之情景相生，万感横集，意境沉绵，三复不厌。借用近人陈匪石《声执》中两句话说，陈之词“气舒”，故“劲气直达，大开大阖”；陆之词“气敛”，故“潜气内转，百折千回”。陈如满弓劲放，陆则引而不发。陆较陈多积蓄，多意蕴，因此更显得沉著凝重，悲慨苍凉。
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夏完淳《
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一剪梅·咏柳》
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谭嗣同《
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望海潮·自题小影》
陆游简介
唐代·陆游的简介
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陆游（1125—1210），字务观，号放翁。汉族，越州山阴（今浙江绍兴）人，南宋著名诗人。少时受家庭爱国思想熏陶，高宗时应礼部试，为秦桧所黜。孝宗时赐进士出身。中年入蜀，投身军旅生活，官至宝章阁待制。晚年退居家乡。创作诗歌今存九千多首，内容极为丰富。著有《剑南诗稿》、《渭南文集》、《南唐书》、《老学庵笔记》等。
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句
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宋代：
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杨遂
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愿侯辑百福，长与民为霖。
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茶园十二韵
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王禹称
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勤王修岁贡，晚驾过郊原。蔽芾馀千本，青葱共一园。
芽新撑老叶，土软迸深根。舌小侔黄雀，毛狞摘绿猿。
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句
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宋代：
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嵊县令
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一时分付雪儿歌。
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报谒徐大雅仁因以题赠三首 其二
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宋代：
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赵蕃
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我住东郊祇树园，无人肯顾席为门。多君用意非流俗，忙里偷閒每见存。
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夜坐同兄
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明代：
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石宝
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明月出东方，虫声初在户。宿霭倏已收，庭阶出芳杜。
流云翻细波，坐对喜欲舞。秋色何悠扬，龙泉碧花古。
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总宜园
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宋代：
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翁元龙
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此间不愧总宜名，山色湖光任雨晴。
鸿雁一声秋意惨，疏杨援曳尚多情。