水调歌头·题剑阁
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宋代]：崔与之
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万里云间戍，立马剑门关。乱山极目无际，直北是长安。人苦百年涂炭，鬼哭三边锋镝，天道久应还。手写留屯奏，炯炯寸心丹。
对青灯，搔白首，漏声残。老来勋业未就，妨却一身闲。梅岭绿阴青子，蒲涧清泉白石，怪我旧盟寒。烽火平安夜，归梦绕家山。
水调歌头·题剑阁译文及注释
译文
在离朝廷很远的地方戍守边疆，骑马立于剑门关上。在群山中尽目远眺看不到边，正北的方向是长安城。百年来，生灵涂炭，百姓受苦，边境的战事依旧严峻，无数军民在战火中罹难，金人统治时间长了，干的坏事多了必定会遭到上天的惩罚。我亲手写好要求常驻此地的奏表，一寸丹心，精光炯炯。
面对着昏黄的青灯，双手挠着苍老的白发，夜晚的沙漏即将流尽，英雄年迈却功业未成，不妨归隐山林。蒲涧的景色优美，白云山间，泉清水甜，梅岭青梅阴阴，都怪我负却旧约。但在烽烟尚存，逆胡未平的时刻，我的梦魂难以回到家园。
注释
水调歌头：词牌名，又名“元会曲”“凯歌”“台城游”“水调歌”，双调九十五字，上片九句四平韵、下片十句四平韵。
长安：代指北宋都城汴京。
镝（dí）：箭头，亦指箭。
天道：古代哲学术语。原指自然界和人类社会发展的规律，其中含有封建迷信成份。
梅岭：即大庾岭，在江西、广东交界处。因岭上多梅，故称。作者为广州人，故云。
蒲涧：在广州白云山上，涧中生有九节菖蒲，其水清甜。作者曾隐居于此。
参考资料：
1、萧枫．唐诗宋词全集第15卷：西安出版社，2000年07月：第247页
2、陈永正．岭南历代词选：广东人民出版社，1993年12月：第2页
水调歌头·题剑阁创作背景
1219—1222年，崔与之，出任成都知府兼成都府路安抚使时，曾登临剑阁，写下这首词。这时，淮河秦岭以北的大片国土，尽沦于敌手。在这种情况下，词人立马剑门，举目瞭望中原，心中不胜感慨。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋等著．《唐宋词鉴赏辞典》（南宋·辽·金卷）．上海：上海辞书出版社 ，1988年版（2010年5月重印）：第1776-1777页
水调歌头·题剑阁鉴赏
南宋名臣崔与之是广州人，一直被称为“粤词之视”。他开创了的“雅健”为宗旨的岭南词风，对后世岭南词人影响很大。南宋后期的李昂英、赵必王象、陈纪等人，便是这种“雅健”词风的直接继承者。这首词苍凉沉郁，感慨良多，感情与风格都与陆游、辛弃疾、陈亮的词相近。由于崔与之僻处岭南，存词甚少，故鲜为人知。
“万里云间戍，立马剑门关。”起句居高临下，气势恢宠，形成全词的豪迈基调。“万里”，写地域之远：“云间”，写地势之高：“戍”，正点出崔与之的安抚使身份。剑门关为川陕间重要关隘，是兵家必争之地。词人于此“一夫当关，万夫莫开”的军事要地立马，极目骋怀，自多感慨。以下笔锋一转，由豪迈转为苍凉。“乱山”二句，语本杜甫“云白山青万余里，愁看直北是长安”（《小寒食舟中作》）。长安是汉唐旧都，古代诗词中常用以指代京城，此即指北宋京城汴京（今河南开封）。长安在剑阁北面，亦早入金手，故“直北是长安”句，既是实指，又是借指，一语双关。句中虽无“愁看”二字，而愁绪自在其中。乱山无际，故都何在？“直北”五字，似是淡淡道来，实则包含着无穷的悲愤，无穷的血泪。接下去，词人便承此发挥，描写金兵入犯给人民带来的巨大苦难。
“人苦百年涂炭，鬼哭三边锋镝”，二句概括了宋朝自南渡以来中原人民的悲惨遭遇。中原人民陷于水深火热之中，边境地方更因战乱频仍，死者不计其数。“鬼哭”句，正是写边境一带“新鬼烦冤旧鬼哭，天阴雨湿声啾啾”（杜甫）《兵车行》的悲惨情况。这两句把战乱之苦描写得淋漓尽致，使读者感同身爱，激起对敌人的义愤。接着作者笔锋一转，明确表示：天道好还，否极泰来，胡运是不会长久的，苦难的日子应该到尽头了！“天道久应还”五字铿锵有力，稳操胜券，流露出作者对收复失地的强烈愿望；与陆游“逆虏运尽行当平”，“如见万里烟尘清”（《题醉中所作草书卷后》），怀有同样迫切的期望。
紧接着，作者由对北方人民的思念和关注，进而联想到自己的职责，表示要亲写奏章，留在四川屯守御金，使他管辖下的一方百姓，不受金人的侵害。“手写”二句豪气干云，壮怀激烈，字字作金石声，具见作者忧国忧民的一片赤诚。真是热血沸腾，肝胆相照！
下阕以“对青灯，搔白首，漏声残”三个短句作过片，写出作者赋词时的环境气氛：青灯荧荧，夜漏将尽。三句中，重点放在“搔白首”三字上；由此而引出“老来勋业未就，妨却一身闲”的慨叹。这里的“勋业”，并非指一般的功名，而是指收复失地的大业。这与陆游“华发苍颜羞自照”，“逆胡未灭心未平”（《三月十七日夜醉中作》）的意思一样。由于“老来勋业未就”，因此作者原来打算功成身退，归老林泉的愿望便落空了。北宋名臣范仲淹戍边时，曾有感于自己未能象后汉的窦宪一样，北逐匈奴，登燕然山，勒石记功而还，而慨叹“浊酒一杯家万里，燕然未勒归无计”（《渔家傲》）。崔与之亦有此感慨。虽然他对家乡十分思念，但抗金守土的责任感，又使他不得不继续留在异乡。他感到有负故乡的山水，仿佛广州白云山上蒲涧的流泉，粤北梅岭上青青的梅子，都在责备他忘了归隐田园的旧约了。句中的“旧盟寒”，指的是背信弃义之意。“怪我旧盟寒”五字，是对“妨却一身闲”句的照应。“怪”、“妨”二字甚佳，能把作者“老来勋业未就”，思家而不得归的矛盾复杂心境，委婉地表达出来。这两句貌似闲适，内里却是跳动着作者的报国丹心的。
末二句“烽火平安夜，归梦绕家山”，对上述意思再加深一层，意思是说：请不要责备我负约吧，在“逆胡未灭”、烽烟未息之时，我又能归去？其实我无时无刻都在想念故乡，每当战事暂宁的“烽火平安夜”，我的梦魂就回到故乡去了！这两句思家情深，报国意切，十字融为一体。以此收束全词，使人回味无穷。
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崔与之《
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水调歌头·题剑阁》
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朱敦儒《
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水龙吟·放船千里凌波去》
崔与之简介
唐代·崔与之的简介
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崔与之（1158～1239）南宋名臣。字正子，一字正之，号菊坡，谥清献，原籍宁都白鹿营 （今江西省宁都县黄石镇营底村），幼年随父移居广东增城，故《宋史》载其广州人，《中国人名大辞典》载其增城（中新坑背崔屋村）人。绍熙四年（1193）进士。授浔州司法参军，调淮西提刑司检法官，特授广西提点刑狱。嘉定中，权发遣扬州事、主管淮东安抚司公事，知成都府兼本路安抚使。端平元年（1234），授广东经略安抚使兼知广州。二年，除参知政事。三年，拜右承相兼枢密使。嘉熙三年以观文殿大学士奉祠。著有《崔清献公集》。
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楼钥
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玉立君家好弟兄，蓝田风采照花城。
版舆寿母人间盛，千里何曾去送迎。
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鹧鸪天 题绮尘云想山庄诗词集
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近现代：
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刘永济
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剩水残山思不禁，小屏欹枕费沉吟。才秾合作云裳想，粉褪难温梦蝶心。
白地锦，紫光金，何缘寥落到如今。遥知淅淅巴山雨，未抵泠泠楚客琴。
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咏物二十四首
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清代：
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周凯
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胎生闻说有鲨鱼，多少鲲鲕出尾闾。入腹依然容乳哺，此中空洞定何如。
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减字木兰花 其二 寿隐士
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两汉：
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佚名
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一丘一壑。野鹤孤云随处乐。篆带纱巾。且与筠庄作主人。
高山流水。指下风生千古意。寿庆年年。长在新秋六日前。