别董大二首·其一
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唐代]:高适
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千里黄云白日曛,北风吹雁雪纷纷。
莫愁前路无知己,天下谁人不识君。
别董大二首·其一译文及注释
译文
千里黄云蔽天日色暗昏昏,北风吹着归雁大雪纷纷。
不要担心前路茫茫没有知己,普天之下哪个不识君?
注释
董大:指董庭兰,是当时有名的音乐家,在其兄弟中排名第一,故称“董大”。
黄云:天上的乌云,在阳光下,乌云是暗黄色,所以叫黄云。白日曛(xūn):太阳黯淡无光。曛,即曛黄,指夕阳西沉时的昏黄景色。
谁人:哪个人。君:你,这里指董大。
别董大二首·其一创作背景
这两首送别诗当作于唐玄宗天宝六年(747年),送别的对象是著名的琴师董庭兰。当年春天,吏部尚书房琯被贬出朝,门客董庭兰也离开长安。当年冬天,高适与董庭兰会于睢阳(故址在今河南省商丘县南),写了《别董大二首》。
参考资料:
1、徐中玉 金启华.中国古代文学作品选(一).上海:华东师范大学出版社,1999:500-501
别董大二首·其一鉴赏
这两句以其内心之真,写别离心绪,故能深挚;以胸襟之阔,叙眼前景色,故能悲壮。落日黄云,大野苍茫,唯北方冬日有此景象。此情此景,若稍加雕琢,即不免斫伤气势。高适于此自是作手。日暮黄昏,且又大雪纷飞,于北风狂吹中,唯见遥空断雁,出没寒云,使人难禁日暮天寒、游子何之之感。以才人而沦落至此,几使人无泪可下,亦唯如此,故知己不能为之甘心。头两句以叙景而见内心之郁积,虽不涉人事,已使人如置身风雪之中,似闻山巅水涯有壮士长啸。此处如不用尽气力,则不能见下文转折之妙,也不能见下文言辞之婉转,用心之良苦,友情之深挚,别意之凄酸。
这两句是对朋友的劝慰:此去你不要担心遇不到知己,天下哪个不知道你董庭兰啊!话说得多么响亮,多么有力,于慰藉中充满着信心和力量,激励朋友抖擞精神去奋斗、去拼搏。于慰藉之中充满信心和力量。因为是知音,说话才朴质而豪爽;又因其沦落,才以希望为慰藉。
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高适简介
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高适是我国唐代著名的边塞诗人,世称“高常侍”。 作品收录于《高常侍集》。高适与岑参并称“高岑”,其诗作笔力雄健,气势奔放,洋溢着盛唐时期所特有的奋发进取、蓬勃向上的时代精神。
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