出塞作
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唐代]：王维
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居延城外猎天骄，白草连天野火烧。
暮云空碛时驱马，秋日平原好射雕。
护羌校尉朝乘障，破虏将军夜渡辽。
玉靶角弓珠勒马，汉家将赐霍嫖姚。
出塞作译文及注释
译文
居延城外胡人正在狩猎，白草连天大火漫天燃烧。
暮云下旷远的沙漠纵马飞驰，秋日里辽阔的平原正好射雕。
护羌校慰坚守阵地登上障堡，破虏将军勇猛出击夜渡辽河。
那镶玉的剑，角饰的弓，战马戴着珠络头，朝廷要赐给得胜的将军：勇如汉朝的霍嫖姚。
注释
居延城：也叫居延塞。故址在今内蒙古自治区额济纳旗一带。居延：古县名，在今内蒙古阿拉善盟额济纳旗北部。
猎天骄，是说强悍的少数民族首领带着人马打猎。天骄，即“天之骄子”，汉代时匈奴恃强，自称“天之骄子”，即老天爷的爱子。这里借称唐朝的吐蕃。
白草：北方草原上的一种野草，枯后呈白色，称白草。连天野火烧，烧起围猎的野火，与天连在一起了，形容打猎的野火声势之大。
暮云：晚上的云彩与烟雾相接。空碛，空荡无边的大沙漠。时驱马：正在奔驰的猎马。
碛（qì）：沙漠。
秋日：秋天的时节。
平原：平坦的原野。
好射雕：正好是打猎的时候。射雕：泛指用箭射空中的禽鸟。雕，鹰类性凶猛。
护羌校尉：《汉官仪》曰：护羌校尉，武帝置，秩比二千石，持节以护西羌。”汉代拿着符节保护西羌的武官叫“护羌校尉”，这里指唐廷守边的将领。
朝乘障，早晨登上遮虏障。乘障，同乘鄣：谓登城守卫。《汉书·张汤传》：“﹝上﹞乃遣山乘鄣。”颜师古注：“鄣谓塞上要险之处，别筑为城，因置吏士而为鄣蔽以扞寇也。”障，遮虏障，西汉时为了防止匈奴内侵，在居延一带修筑了一道遮虏障，一种防御工事。
破虏将军：指汉昭帝时中郎将范明友。当时辽东乌桓反。他带领兵马，渡过辽河，平定了这次叛乱。此指唐朝守边的将领。
玉靶角弓：用美玉镶把柄的剑，用兽角装饰的弓。玉靶：镶玉的剑柄。借指宝剑。
珠勒马：马勒口上用宝珠装饰，指骏马。珠勒：珠饰的马络头。
汉家将赐：汉朝就要赏赐。这里指唐廷就要赏赐。
霍嫖姚，即霍去病，西汉抗击匈奴的名将，官至骠骑将军。前后六次出击匈奴，皆获胜而归，得到朝廷封赏。此处借指崔希逸。霍嫖姚：《史记·嫖姚将军传》曰：“霍去病为嫖姚校尉。”
参考资料：
1、黄星南 ．历代爱国诗歌100首赏析 ：湖南出版社 ，1997年04月第1版 ：30-33 ．
2、萧涤非 等 ．唐诗鉴赏辞典 ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1983 ：1401 ．
3、孔凡信 ．历代边塞诗赏赏析 ：明天出版社 ，1987年10月第1版 ：102-104 ．
出塞作创作背景
此诗原注说：“时为御史监察塞上作”。开元二十五年（737），河西节度副大使崔希逸在青海战败吐蕃，王维以监察御史的身份，奉使出塞宣慰，这诗就写在此时。
参考资料：
1、刘德重 等 ．唐诗鉴赏辞典 ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1983 ：170-171 ．
出塞作鉴赏
“居延城外猎天骄，白草连天野火烧”，写居延关外长满白草的广阔原野上燃起了熊熊猎火，吐蕃正在这里进行打猎活动，这是紧张局势的一个信号。写打猎声势之盛，正是渲染边关剑拔弩张之势。这两句诗很容易使人联想起高适《燕歌行》“单于猎火照狼山”之句，古诗中常常以“猎火”来暗指战火。
“暮云空碛时驱马，秋日平原好射雕”，进一步描写吐蕃的猎手们在暮云低垂，空旷无边的沙漠上驱马驰骋，在秋天草枯，动物没有遮蔽之处的平原上射猎。这一联象两幅生动传神、极具典型意义的塞上风俗画，写出吐蕃健儿那种盘马弯弓、勇猛强悍的样子，粗豪雄放；也暗示边情的紧急，为诗的下半部分作了铺垫。
这两句，对仗精工，很有气势。“护羌校尉”和“破虏将军”都是汉代武官名，这里借指唐军将士。登障堡，渡辽河，都不是实指，而是泛写，前者着重说防御，后者主要讲出击，一个“朝”字和一个“夜”字，突出军情的紧迫，进军的神速，表现了唐军昂扬奋发的士气，雷厉风行的作风。此联对军事行动本身没有作具体的描写，而只是选取具有曲型意义的事物，作概括而又形象的叙说，就把唐军紧张调动，英勇作战，并取得胜利的情景写出来了，收到了词约义丰的艺术效果。
“汉家”借指唐朝，“霍嫖姚”即汉代曾作过嫖姚校尉的霍去病，借谓崔希逸。这两句是说，朝廷将把镶玉柄的剑，以角装饰的弓和戴着珠勒口的骏马，赐给得胜的边帅崔希逸。在诗尾才点出赏功慰军的题旨，收结颇为得体。
前四句写边境纷扰、战火将起的形势，刻画形象，有声有色，是实写；后四句便采用虚写，写唐军针对这种紧张形势而进行军事部署。此诗写得很有特色，它反映当前的战斗情况，用两相对比的写法，先写吐蕃的强悍，气势咄咄逼人，造成心理上的紧张；再写唐军雍容镇静，应付裕如，有攻有守，以一种压倒对方的凌厉气势夺取最后的胜利。越是渲染对方气焰之盛，越能衬托唐军的英勇和胜利的来之不易，最后写劳军，也就顺理成章，水到渠成，只须轻轻点染，诗旨全出。
此诗运用了对比的写法，前四句写敌人的勇悍和嚣张气焰，意在反衬出大唐守边将士不畏强敌，敢于战斗，敢于胜利的精神。借用“护羌校尉刀、“破辽将军”、“霍嫖姚”典故比喻将能卒勇，比直接描写更能启发读者，更有余味之感。
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李益《
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塞下曲》
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李白《
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登邯郸洪波台置酒观发兵》
王维简介
唐代·王维的简介
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王维（701年－761年，一说699年—761年），字摩诘，汉族，河东蒲州（今山西运城）人，祖籍山西祁县，唐朝诗人，有“诗佛”之称。苏轼评价其：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。”开元九年（721年）中进士，任太乐丞。王维是盛唐诗人的代表，今存诗400余首，重要诗作有《相思》《山居秋暝》等。王维精通佛学，受禅宗影响很大。佛教有一部《维摩诘经》，是王维名和字的由来。王维诗书画都很有名，非常多才多艺，音乐也很精通。与孟浩然合称“王孟”。
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王恭
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卖药囊中况有钱，长桑亲诀旧曾传。心知肘后岐黄秘，老向人间草木年。
杏满香林澄夕露，桔垂秋井漾寒泉。祗今黄发青山里，无那看云日醉眠。
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园中赏梅
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宋代：
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陆游
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行遍茫茫禹画州，寻梅到处得闲游。
春前春後百回醉，江北江南千里愁。
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夕霞 其二
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明代：
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徐渭
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明霞烂且都，雨歇霁霄铺。万国楼台莫，孤村烟火晡。
波鳞销琥珀，海色上珊瑚。一抹须弥翠，胭脂月镜孤。