玲珑四犯·越中岁暮闻箫鼓感怀
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宋代]：姜夔
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叠鼓夜寒，垂灯春浅，匆匆时事如许。倦游欢意少，俯仰悲今古。江淹又吟恨赋，记当时，送君南浦。万里乾坤，百年身世，唯有此情苦。
扬州柳垂官路，有轻盈换马，端正窥户。酒醒明月下，梦逐潮声去。文章信美如何用，漫赢得，天涯羁旅。教说与春来要，寻花伴侣。
玲珑四犯·越中岁暮闻箫鼓感怀译文及注释
译文
日月如梭，时流似箭，已是岁暮，绍兴城中接连不断的响起锣鼓声，家家户户挂起大红灯笼，欢庆丰收，欢度春节。这时夜里仍然寒冷，春意不浓烈，我已游倦，羁游中难有欢快时，纵观上下千年，很是伤感、痛切。悲凉的愁绪积于心中如何发泄，要似江淹那样吟恨赋，倾吐凄凉心声。乾坤只不过万里，人生也只有百年，此情最苦，我真不想再飘零。
扬州曾是那么幽雅繁华的地方，也发生过以歌女换骏马，漂亮姑娘偷窥他人门户那样无聊的故事，都像醉酒醒于明月下一样，犹如梦幻随人间世事后浪推前浪般潮水一样消逝。我也曾写过《杨州慢》《暗香》《疏影》《齐天乐》等那些优美的词和文章，那又有什么用，到头来，还不是飘零天涯，四海为家。依我说，待到春天来了，倒不如像林逋一样以花为伴侣，打发下半生。
注释
玲珑四犯：词牌名。此调创自周邦彦《清真集》。姜夔此词为自度黄钟商曲。
越中：当指浙江绍兴。越为古越国，绍兴是越国地盘。
叠鼓：叠为重复，接连不断地击鼓。
垂灯：挂彩灯准备过年。春浅：春意不深不浓烈。
倦游：旅游，羁旅累了，疲倦了，无再游兴趣了。
俯仰：左右、前后、上下、纵横。《易经·系辞上》载“仰以观天文，俯以察于地理”。
江淹：南北朝代南朝梁国的文学家，作有《恨赋》《别赋》等著名作品，成语江郎才尽或才因老尽均指此江淹。
南浦：江淹在《别赋》中有句名言“送君南浦，伤如之何”。现把南浦泛指送别之地方。
轻盈：这里指体态柔美的女郎。换马：是个掌故。据《异闻实录》记录：鲍生多养歌女，韦生好乘骏马。一日两人相遇，对饮美酒，酒劲发作，商定互换爱好，即以歌女换骏马。意明即无聊生活。
端正窥户：端正、整齐、正统、漂亮、美丽，这里指漂亮好看。窥户：偷看人家门户。
羁（jī）旅：指在外乡飘零。
教说与：意指可说或依说，教我说。
参考资料：
1、刘乃昌．姜夔词新释辑评．北京：中国书店，2001：111-114
玲珑四犯·越中岁暮闻箫鼓感怀创作背景
姜夔一生江湖飘零，因人作客，仕途上坎坷失意，经济上困顿拮据。宋光宗绍熙四年（1193年）岁末，姜夔孤身客居绍兴，耳闻四邻箫鼓迎岁之声，感慨万端，遂写此词抒怀。
参考资料：
1、刘乃昌．姜夔词新释辑评．北京：中国书店，2001：111-114
玲珑四犯·越中岁暮闻箫鼓感怀鉴赏
姜夔此词一般理解为是姜夔抒写身世总结自己而作。起笔三句写岁暮光景：“叠鼓夜寒，垂灯春浅，匆匆时事如许。”开端对句点染了过年的气氛，却隐约流露些许清冷的韵味，故紧承以“匆匆时事”之慨。下两句顺势展开，倾诉自我情绪：“倦游欢意少，俯仰悲今古。”由于悲从中来，自然不吐不快，于是写词抒发：“江淹又吟恨赋，记当时，送君南浦。”引用江淹所恨之意，另加上一句江淹的《别赋》中的“送君南浦”句言，恨什么伤什么不用言明，根据江淹的恨和伤就可明了；而且用“又吟”江淹已不在人世多少年，这个“又吟”当是姜夔以江淹自拟，表示自我感伤的情怀至为深重。接着用直白明快的语言说出这种情怀深重的程度：“万里乾坤，百年身世，唯有此情苦。”此情不应限于别情，应该包括作者历年所承受的各种人间遗憾。这几句涵盖力十分广阔。
下片“扬州柳垂官路，有轻盈换马，端正窥户。酒醒明月下，梦逐潮声去。”这五句回味了青年时代畅游名都、出入歌馆的一段浪漫生活，颇有回首当年感慨系之的意味。以下折回现实，发出了怀才不遇、人海沉沦的满腹牢骚：“文章信美如何用，漫赢得，天涯羁旅。”作者多才多艺，屡试不第，一生坎坷，靠朋友周济游食四方，对才士惯常的失意生涯体验尤深，于是发出了这样的深长感叹。至此失意的郁愤喷涌到极境。末以寻花为伴聊以自解：“教说与春来要，寻花伴侣。”作者无奈，在这种“文章信美如何用”的年代，写得好词的词人只论为四海飘零。那也没法，只好去改行养花而不写文章了。也只有在这个时代，这种社会状态下，词人也只有发牢骚的能耐。
此词应该说是有一定豪放词人的气魄，直率爽畅，欢快倾吐，大胆直逼社会，可姜夔用辞就是那么含而不放，放而不俗，婉转深沉，高洁意趣，清雅风骨，含蕴无限，给读者留下无尽的遐想空间，“使人神观飞越”。
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都下追感往昔因成二首》
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欧阳修《
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采桑子·平生为爱西湖好》
姜夔简介
唐代·姜夔的简介
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姜夔，南宋文学家、音乐家。人品秀拔，体态清莹，气貌若不胜衣，望之若神仙中人。往来鄂、赣、皖、苏、浙间，与诗人词家杨万里、范成大、辛弃疾等交游。庆元中，曾上书乞正太常雅乐，他少年孤贫，屡试不第，终生未仕，一生转徙江湖，靠卖字和朋友接济为生。他多才多艺，精通音律，能自度曲，其词格律严密。其作品素以空灵含蓄著称，有《白石道人歌曲》等。姜夔对诗词、散文、书法、音乐，无不精善，是继苏轼之后又一难得的艺术全才。
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无赖封姨，多情乌鹊，毕竟佳期还觅。别离岁岁一般情，又何用、常年悲戚。
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题山水画四首 其三 欧阳永叔秋声赋
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刘崧
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群木飒萧萧，虚堂坐寂寥。秋声方永夜，月色自中宵。
目倦青编过，眠迟绛蜡消。平生江海志，及此叹飘摇。