送丘为落第归江东
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唐代]：王维
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怜君不得意，况复柳条春。
为客黄金尽，还家白发新。
五湖三亩宅，万里一归人。
知祢不能荐，羞为献纳臣。
送丘为落第归江东译文及注释
译文
叹息你又一次不能遂意，何况在这柳条新绿的初春。
客游京城黄金全部用尽，回家时只落得白发添新。
太湖边只有你三亩的田宅，遥遥万里外凄凉凉一个妇人。
深知你祢衡却没能推荐，惭愧我空作一名献纳之臣。
注释
丘为：嘉兴人，屡试不第，归山读书数年，天宝初中进士，官至太子右庶子，九十六岁卒。落第：考试落榜。江东：长江以东的地方，指吴越一带，丘为家在嘉兴，属越地。
不得意：不如意；不得志；不称心。《公羊传·庄公六年》：“得意致会，不得意致伐。”此指科举落第。
况复：何况，况且。《陈书·江总传》：“况复才未半古，尸素若兹。”
为客：作客他乡。黄金尽：用苏秦典故。《战国策·秦策》载，苏秦游说秦王，书十上而说不行，“黑貂之裘敝，黄金百斤尽”。这里指盘缠花光。
还家：回家。唐韩愈《送进士刘师服东归》诗：“还家虽阙短，指日亲晨飧。”
五湖：这里特指太湖，代指丘为的家乡。三亩宅：《淮南子·原道训》：“任一人之能，不足以治三亩之宅也。”后以“三亩宅”指栖身之地。宅：一作“地”。
祢（mí）：祢衡，东汉人，有才辩，与孔融友善，孔融曾上表推荐他。此处借指丘为。一作“尔”。
为：一作“称”。献纳臣：进献忠言之臣，是诗人的自指，王维当时任右拾遗。献纳：把意见或人才献给皇帝以备采纳。
参考资料：
1、邓安生 等 ．王维诗选译 ．成都 ：巴蜀书社 ，1990 ：126-127 ．
送丘为落第归江东创作背景
这首诗当作于唐玄宗开元二十三年（735年）或开元二十四年（736年）。王维与丘为兴味相投，交谊颇深，曾与他有诗唱和。作此诗时王维正在京城做官，对丘为落第表示同情和惋惜，并对自己虽为京官，但无力帮助丘为深表歉意。
参考资料：
1、邓安生 等 ．王维诗选译 ．成都 ：巴蜀书社 ，1990 ：126-127 ．
送丘为落第归江东鉴赏
此诗的开头由一“怜”字引出，“不得意”点明“落第”。“况复”二字递进一层，丘为落第正值柳枝又绿的新春，伤心人对满目春光不免倍觉伤神。“柳条青”三字并暗隐送别的场景，灞水岸边，杨柳依依，送别之际，诗人对丘为的怜惜之情也格外强烈了。这一联诗中既有丘为又有诗人自己，其后两联专写丘为。第二联用典。当年苏秦游说秦王，连续上了十次书都未奏效，黄金百斤用尽（《战国策·秦策》）。以苏秦作比，描写丘为只身困于长安、盘资耗尽的窘况；返回时，由于忧愁的煎熬，两鬓又新添了白发。一“尽”、一“新”，两相映照，丘为的凄苦之状与诗人的哀怜之情如在眼前。京都既难以安顿，回家也是孤独一人，生计窘迫。第三联就是对丘为归途形象的描绘：这两句是此诗名句，写丘为孤独一人长途返回，太湖畔唯有微薄的家产，生计窘迫。从字句间读者仿佛看到一个步履沉重、心情懊丧的人，低头走向自己的家园，令人产生怜悯的共鸣。此联句与句对仗，同时又句中自对：“五湖”对“三亩宅”，“万里”对“一归人”。结尾一联：这里以祢衡借指丘为。《后汉书·文苑传》说祢衡恃才傲物，唯善鲁国孔融及弘农杨修，融亦深爱其才，“上疏荐之”。唐代武后垂拱二年，设理匦使，以御史中丞与侍御史一人充任，玄宗时改称献纳使。王维曾任右拾遗、殿中侍御使等官职，因此自称“献纳臣”。诗人认为自己明知丘为有才华而不能将他推荐给朝廷，自愧不如孔融，同时于“羞”中寓愤，对于贤才遭弃的黑暗政治表示了愤慨。情绪由怏怏惜别转到深深的内疚，以至于牢骚不平，激昂慷慨。
王维与丘为虽是同辈诗友，但年龄稍长，故诗中语气较为老成。结尾处反用孔融与祢衡的典故，虽是从识贤、荐贤的角度引出，但“知”字与篇首的“怜”字，还是表现了一种长者所特有的口吻。诗写送别，抒发的却不是一般的离情别绪，其着重抒发的是对人才的爱惜以及由此引出的对黑暗政治的激愤。全诗从离别写到归程，由近及远；诗情则由哀怜转为羞愤，由浅入深。
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雍陶《
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题情尽桥》
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白居易《
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送客归京》
王维简介
唐代·王维的简介
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王维（701年－761年，一说699年—761年），字摩诘，汉族，河东蒲州（今山西运城）人，祖籍山西祁县，唐朝诗人，有“诗佛”之称。苏轼评价其：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。”开元九年（721年）中进士，任太乐丞。王维是盛唐诗人的代表，今存诗400余首，重要诗作有《相思》《山居秋暝》等。王维精通佛学，受禅宗影响很大。佛教有一部《维摩诘经》，是王维名和字的由来。王维诗书画都很有名，非常多才多艺，音乐也很精通。与孟浩然合称“王孟”。
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