临江仙·冬日即事
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宋代]：苏轼
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自古相从休务日，何妨低唱微吟。天垂云重作春阴。坐中人半醉，帘外雪将深。
闻道分司狂御史，紫云无路追寻。凄风寒雨是骎骎。问囚长损气，见鹤忽惊心。
临江仙·冬日即事译文及注释
译文
到了自古以来的休假日，无事可做，只有靠低唱轻声吟来消磨时光。天低云重春日阴沉沉，室内宴席座上的人已经半醉，室外雪花不停地飘落，地上的积雪愈来愈厚。
想效仿杜牧的狂放，可惜今日没有紫云。凄风寒雨、时光匆匆催人很紧，审讯囚犯时间长了会损气，见到飞翔的鹤时感到自愧惊心。
注释
临江仙：词牌名，双调小令，唐教坊曲。《乐章集》入“仙吕调”，《张子野词》入“高平调”。五十八字，上下片各三平韵。
即事：任事，作事。
休务：停止公务，即休假。宋人习用语。
坐：同“座”。
骎骎（qīn）：疾速的样子。
问囚：指审案断狱等公务。
参考资料：
1、朱靖华、饶学刚、王文龙、饶晓明．苏轼词新释辑评．北京：中国书店出版社，2007年1月：419-422
2、于培杰，孙言诚注译．苏东坡词选．石家庄：花山文艺出版社，1984年12月：93-95
临江仙·冬日即事创作背景
宋神宗元丰元年（1078年）正月，李公恕自京东转运判官召赴汴京，路过徐州，苏轼作该词相赠。
参考资料：
1、朱靖华、饶学刚、王文龙、饶晓明．苏轼词新释辑评．北京：中国书店出版社，2007年1月：419-422
临江仙·冬日即事鉴赏
上片从假日的寂寞写起。自古以来，人们在一起度假日，随意唱歌、吟诗等。说假日“低唱微吟”，似乎颇有雅趣，其实是聊以解除寂寞而已。接着描写了当前的天气情况：天幕低垂，云气浓重，造成了春日的阴霾。这一句写景并非闲笔，一方面为下文的“雪”、“雨”作背景，一方面也衬托出人内心的沉闷。而后写到与友人的宴饮，并用室外的雪景作映衬：“坐中人半醉，帘外雪将深。”这是两个无声的“镜头”：一个写人，一个写景，一个写室内，一个写室外，一个写静态，一个写动态（雪花不停地飘落，地上的积雪愈来愈厚）。这很容易使人想起“雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人”（司空曙句）一类诗句。在这里，苏轼用清冷、寂寥的氛围，有力地烘托出“人”相对无言，只是以酒遣愁的离情别绪，以及内在的孤独感。
下片“闻道”两句，承上“坐中”，借晚唐杜牧的风流韵事，反其意而用之，说宴会并无美妓声乐之欢，以见其单调无味，郁郁寡欢。也可以说，这里是借“分司狂御史”“追寻”紫云的故实，作了一笔反衬。苏轼再用“凄风寒雨”加倍渲染，更使人感到有点透不过气来。苏轼为什么这样写，结尾处透露了此中消息，原来，苏轼长期为审案断狱等公务所累，每当看到鹤时，便忽然想到隐居生活的闲逸。话说得比较婉转含蓄，实际意思是说，对仕宦生涯感到厌倦，而向往林下的隐居生活。苏轼后来在《鹤叹》诗中写道：“驱之上堂立斯须，投以饼饵视若无。戛然长鸣乃下趋，难进易退我不如。”与苏轼自己在仕途上的进退联系起来，其意比较显豁，有助于读者理解“见鹤忽惊心”这一句的深意。
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李白《
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送王屋山人魏万还王屋·并序》
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李贺《
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送韦仁实兄弟入关》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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