送魏十六还苏州
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唐代]：皇甫冉
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秋夜深深北送君，阴虫切切不堪闻。
归舟明日毗陵道，回首姑苏是白云。
送魏十六还苏州译文及注释
译文
秋天沉沉的夜色下送君归去，蟋蟀鸣声切切不堪入耳。
明日你将乘船回毗陵，到那时，回首姑苏，所见将唯有一片白云。
注释
苏州：隋开皇九年（589）改吴州为苏州，以姑苏山得名。大业初复为吴州，又改吴郡，唐武德四年（621）又改苏州。
沉沉：形容夜色浓重。
阴虫：秋季鸣虫，指蟋蟀。
切切：形容虫的鸣声凄切。
毗（pí）陵：隋大业及唐天宝、至德时，曾改常州为毗陵郡。
姑苏：苏州的别称。
白云：意为友人去后只剩下一片空虚感觉。
参考资料：
1、萧枫．《唐诗宋词全集·第六卷》．西安：西安出版社，2000：109
2、胡昭著，罗淑珍．《全唐诗名篇精注佳句索引·第一卷》．北京：当代中国出版社，2001：709
3、赵传仁．《诗词曲名句辞典》．济南：山东教育出版社，1998：285
送魏十六还苏州创作背景
作者的朋友魏十六曾从苏州到常州来拜访他，返回苏州时，作者乘船送他，此诗即写于当时。
参考资料：
1、周啸天．《唐诗鉴赏辞典》．北京：商务印书馆国际有限公司，2012：981
送魏十六还苏州鉴赏
这首送别短章，写得明白晓畅而又感情深挚，历来为人们所传诵。表达了送别友人时内心的沉重与伤感，也表达了设想别后而流露出的留恋、孤独和惆怅
“秋夜沉沉此送君，阴虫切切不堪闻”这两句写诗人在秋夜沉沉的晚上，听着蟋蟀（即“阴虫”。南朝宋颜延年《夏夜呈从兄散骑车长沙诗》：“夜蝉当夏急，阴虫先秋闻。”）切切的鸣叫声，想到自己明天就要与友人分别，心情异常沉重。
在写法上，这两句真切地写出了送别时那种黯然神伤的环境，通过环境的烘染，把即将离别的愁绪表达得婉转有致。“秋夜”，点出送别的时间。秋天气氛肃杀，特别是在秋天的晚上，本来就容易勾起对朋友的思念，而偏偏在此时，自己却要送好友离去。“此送君”三字，字字透出送别时的凄苦之情。“沉沉”二字，一方面从视觉着笔，写在船上看见四野茫茫，黑夜深深，无边无际，什么也看不清；另一方面写出了作者的心情相当沉重，可谓一箭双雕。同时，作者又从听觉着笔，写两岸草丛中蟋蟀的鸣叫，“切切”的叫声似在相互倾诉，又似在低低饮泣，这悲伤的秋声，使即将离别的人不忍卒闻。两句从视觉和听觉两个方面，选取了最能代表秋夜伤怀的景物，交叉描写，虽没有明说送别的愁苦，然而经过环境的渲染，这种愁苦具体形象，伸手可触，真正做到了“不著一字，尽得风流。语不涉难，已不堪忧”（司空图《二十四诗品》）。
这两句作者以想象中的明天，与此时的秋夜作对比，进一步表达了离情别绪。作者想：今夜，虽然有离别的愁苦，但毕竟还没有分手，还可以在一起倾心叙谈。而送君千里终有一别，到明天，当我再在这只船中回望你所在的苏州时，那就见不到你了，唯见到满天的白云。到那时，凄然孤独之情，一定比今晚更深更浓。
这两句看似在写明日的白天，其实仍是在写今晚的秋夜，通过这样别出心裁的安排，更为深刻地表达出秋夜送别的难分难舍。
全诗运用了虚实结合的表现手法诗中的“实”是诗人送别友人时秋夜的环境，“虚”是诗人想象别后的明天，自己在归舟中回望苏州只见悠悠白云而不见友人；诗人借助想象，运用以虚写实的手法拓展了诗歌意境，深化了送别友人时的感情（留恋、孤寂和感伤）。
全诗结构巧妙，语虽平淡而意味深长。叠字的运用使诗读来琅琅上口，富于声情美。
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苏轼《
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虞美人·波声拍枕长淮晓》
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释行肇《
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送惟凤之衡阳》
皇甫冉简介
唐代·皇甫冉的简介
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皇甫冉，字茂政。约唐玄宗开元五年（公元717年）出生，卒于唐代宗大历五年（公元770年），润州（今镇江）丹阳人，著名诗人。先世居甘肃泾州。天宝十五年进士。曾官无锡尉，大历初入河南节度使王缙幕，终左拾遗、右补阙。其诗清新飘逸，多飘泊之感。
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