三棒鼓声频·题渊明醉归图
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元代]：曹德
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先生醉也，童子扶者。
有诗便写，无酒重赊。
山声野调欲唱些，俗事休说。
问青天借得松间月，陪伴今夜。
长安此时春梦热，多少豪杰。
明朝镜中头似雪，乌帽难遮。
星般大县儿难弃舍，晚入庐山社。
比及眉未攒，腰曾折，迟了也，去官陶靖节。
三棒鼓声频·题渊明醉归图译文及注释
译文
先生我喝得醉了，仆童好好地搀扶着。
有诗马上就写，没有酒喝就再去赊。
山声小调想要唱一些、那些俗事咱不说，
且向青天借一些松间的明月，陪伴俺度过今夜。
长安城里这时候春梦非常热。多少英雄豪杰，
一天过后明天早晨的明镜中就白发如雪，那么点几的乌纱帽实在难遮。
多少可怜的人，星星大个县官也不能舍，晚年则才想着要出家入什么白莲社、等到你加入白莲社，
腰也经过多少次地向人折，一切都已经晚了迟了许多。看看，那才是抛弃乌纱帽的陶靖节。
注释
三棒鼓声频：元代时令小调，所属官调不明，元散曲中仅曹德有出一曲。曲调弄三叠，构成急促的三棒鼓声。
先生：指陶渊明。
长安：指京城。
春梦热：借用“黄粱一梦”典故，意谓京城里在朝百官此刻正做耆飞黄腾达的美梦。
乌帽：指官帽。
庐山社：慧远法师在庐山东林寺创建佛门白莲社。
参考资料：
1、李伯钦编；崇贤书院释．图解元曲三百首：黄山书社，2016.03：第234页
2、毕宝魁，尹博著．元曲三百首译注评：现代出版社，2015.06：第349页
三棒鼓声频·题渊明醉归图鉴赏
这首曲是作者在观赏《渊明醉归图》时，有感于社会现实，在画轴上留下了这首曲子。“先生醉也，童子扶者。有诗便写，无酒重赊，山声野调欲唱些，俗事休说。”这几句描摹了一个隐居者的形象，不禁令人想起李白的《将进酒》中“古来圣贤皆寂寞，惟有饮者留其名”的诗句，一杯美酒，一位隐士，兴之所至，随笔写来——这是多么惬意的场景啊！也暗中寄托了作者对隐居生活的向往。“俗事”即尘俗之事，指追求功名富贵等，与下文“长安此时春梦热”相照应，讽刺了人们一心求取功名的社会现实。“多少豪杰，明朝镜中头似雪，乌帽难遮。星般大县儿难弃舍，晚入庐山社。比及眉未攒，腰曾折，迟了也，去官陶靖节。”这是规劝朝中为官者早日归隐山林，免得落下凄惨的下场。“腰曾折”一句，化用了李白《梦游天姥吟留别》中“安能摧眉折腰事权贵”的诗句，更加强了对这种做法的否定。这首曲通俗易懂，委婉地表达了作者追寻隐逸的情调。
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苏轼《
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南乡子·集句》
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綦毋潜《
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宿龙兴寺》
曹德简介
唐代·曹德的简介
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曹德，字明善，衢州（今浙江衢县）人。曾任衢州路吏，山东宪吏。后至元五年（一三三九）曹德在都下作〔清江引〕（又名〔岷江录〕）二曲讥讽权贵伯颜擅自专权，杀害剡王彻彻笃，锻炼诸狱，延及无辜。大书揭于五门之上，因此名声大噪。
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