清平乐·金风细细
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宋代]：晏殊
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紫薇朱槿花残。斜阳却照阑干。双燕欲归时节，银屏昨夜微寒。
清平乐·金风细细译文及注释
译文
微微的秋风正在细细吹拂，梧桐树叶正在飘飘坠下。初尝香醇绿酒便让人陶醉，在小窗之前一枕酣眠浓睡。紫薇和朱槿在秋寒里凋残，只有夕阳映照着楼阁栏杆。双燕到了将要南归的季节，镶银的屏风昨夜已微寒。
注释
金风：秋风。
紫薇朱槿：花名。紫薇：落叶小乔木，花红紫或白，夏日开，秋天凋，故又名“百日红”。朱槿：红色木槿，落叶小灌木，夏秋之交开花，朝开暮落。又名扶桑。
银屏：银饰屏风。
清平乐·金风细细鉴赏
这首词的特点是风调闲雅，气象华贵，二者本有些矛盾，但词人却把它统一起来，形成表现自己个性的特殊风格。晏殊以相位之尊，间为小歌词，得花间遗韵。刘攽《中山诗话》说：“晏元献尤喜冯延巳歌词，其所自作，亦不减延巳乐府。”也就是说他的词风酷似冯延巳。但从这首词来看，它的闲雅风调虽似冯词，而其华贵气象倒有点像温庭筠的作品。不过温词的华贵，大都表现词藻上的镂金错采，故王国维以“画屏金鹧鸪”状其词风。晏词的华贵却不专主形貌，而于精神。“每吟咏富贵，不言金玉锦绣，而惟说其气象，若‘楼台侧畔杨花过，帘幕中间燕子飞’，‘梨花院落溶溶月，柳絮池塘淡淡风’之类是也。”（见吴处厚《青箱杂记》）这首词中所写的风，正与上举两例相似。它所塑造的形象，借用晁补之评论其子晏几道词的说话，一看就知道“不是三家村中人”，而是一个雍容闲雅的士大夫。
词的上阕是写酒醉以后的浓睡。起首二句在写景中点明时间，渲染环境。金风，即秋风。《文选》张协《杂诗》“金风扇素节”，李善注曰：“西方为秋而主金，故秋风日金风也。”此时庭院内是秋风落叶，画堂中的词人因饮了几杯绿酒，一会儿便醉眠了。用笔轻灵，色调淡雅，语气仿佛在与一位友人娓娓而谈。其巾“细细”、“叶叶”两组叠字，首尾相接，音律谐婉。以“细细”状金风，就没有秋风惯有的那种萧飒之感，而显得平静、悠闲。以“叶叶”这两个名词相连用，就在读者面前展开一片片叶子飘落的景象，显得很有次序，很有节奏。向来写梧桐经秋而落都是较为凄厉的，如白居易《长恨歌》：“秋雨梧桐叶落时。”温庭筠《更漏子》：“梧桐树，三更雨，不道离情正苦。一叶叶，一声声，空阶滴到明。”经过一代又一代词人的染笔，以至于使人一听到秋风吹拂梧桐，就产生凄凉况味。而像晏殊写得如此平淡幽细的，却极为少见。下面“绿酒”一句，因为用了“初”、“易”二字，就觉得他的酒量不大，浅尝辄醉，虽是淡淡的一笔，但却是陪笔；至“一枕小窗浓睡”，才写出此阕的主旨。小饮何以“易醉”？浅醉何得“浓睡”？原来词人有一点闲愁。然而以酒浇愁愁更愁，愁深故易醉，醉易故睡浓。此意于下阕尤能见出。
如果说上阕是从昨晚的醉眠写起，那么下阕则是写次日薄暮酒醒时的感觉。词人一醉就睡了整整一个昼夜，睡极浓矣。浓睡中无愁无忧，酒醒后情绪如何，他没有言明，只是通过他眼巾所见的景象，折射出心情之悠闲，神态之慵怠；不过在结句中仍然透露出一丝丝哀愁。过片中的紫薇，植物名，夏季开花；朱槿，夏秋间吐艳。上阕说金风吹得梧桐叶坠，分明是秋季了，所以词人从小窗望出去，此刻这两种花都已凋残。值得注意的是，前阕的梧桐叶坠，为耳中所闻；后阕的两种花残，乃眼中所见。词人正是通过对周围事物的细微体察，来表现此际的情怀。“斜阳却照阑干”，紧承前句，描写静景。晏殊在《踏莎行》词中云：“一场愁梦酒醒时，斜阳却照深深院。”情境皆相似。两处都用了“却”字。却者，正也。此处是说抬头望去，一抹斜阳正照着阑干，颇有陶渊明“悠然见南山”的神韵，然而词人所见者不是南山，而是残花、斜阳，其中似寓有无可奈何的心境。
日暮了，斜阳正照着阑干，也正是“双燕欲归时节”。此意平平说来，似不相干语，没要紧语。可是词不比诗，它往往用这样的语言，来调和气氛，缓冲节奏，烘托情感。吴衡照《莲子居词话》云：“言情之词，必借景色映托，乃具深婉流美之感。”“燕子欲归”，乃系景语，它对下旬“银屏昨夜微寒”，正好起了一个铺垫和烘托作用。双双紫燕即将归巢了，这个景象便兴起词人独居无愣的感觉。于是他想到昨夜醉后原是一个人独宿。一种凄凉意绪，落寞情怀，不禁油然而生。但他不用“枕寒”、“衾寒”那些用熟了的字面，偏偏说屏风有些寒冷。寓情于景，含蓄蕴藉，令人低徊不尽。
此词之所以受到评论家们的一致称赏，主要在于它呈现了一种与词人富贵显达的身世相谐调的圆融平静、安雅舒徐的风格。这种风格，是大晏深厚的文化教养、敏锐细腻的诗人气质与其平稳崇高的台阁地位相浑融的产物。在这首词里，丝毫找不到自宋玉以来诗人们一贯共有的衰飒伤感的悲秋情绪，有的只是在富贵闲适生活中对于节序更替的一种细致人微的体味与感触。抒情主人公是在安雅闲适的相府庭园中从容不迫地咀嚼品尝着暑去秋来那一时间自然界变化给人之身心的牵动之感。这当中，也含有因节序更替、岁月流逝而引发的一丝闲愁，但这闲愁是淡淡的、细柔的，甚至是飘忽幽微若有若无的。作者通过对外物的描写，将他在这环境中特有的心理感触舒徐平缓地宣泄出来，使整个意境十分轻婉动人。这首词也是《珠玉词》中的名篇。它用精细的笔触和闲雅的情调，写出家作者这样的富贵高雅的文人在秋天刚来时的一种舒适而又略带无聊的感触。
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柳永《
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浪淘沙慢·梦觉透窗风一线》
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李峤《
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风》
晏殊简介
唐代·晏殊的简介
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晏殊【yàn shū】（991-1055）字同叔，著名词人、诗人、散文家，北宋抚州府临川城人（今江西进贤县文港镇沙河人，位于香楠峰下，其父为抚州府手力节级），是当时的抚州籍第一个宰相。晏殊与其第七子晏几道（1037-1110），在当时北宋词坛上，被称为“大晏”和“小晏”。
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天堑长江似海深，江头山鬼笑埋金。
东家酿酒西家醉，世上英雄各有心。
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家食遇歉有饭不足之忧妻孥
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宋代：
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王十朋
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渊明事高尚，瓶中缺储粟。鲁公凛名节，乞米给饘粥。
广文富才名，官冷饭不足。少陵老风骚，橡栗拾山谷。
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田园乐七首 其六
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明代：
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薛蕙
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扫石旋铺琴席，临流试泛酒卮。山水依依可恋，风尘扰扰何为。