慈乌夜啼
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唐代]:白居易
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慈乌失其母,哑哑吐哀音。
昼夜不飞去,经年守故林。
夜夜夜半啼,闻者为沾襟。
声中如告诉,未尽反哺心。
百鸟岂无母,尔独哀怨深。
应是母慈重,使尔悲不任。
昔有吴起者,母殁丧不临。
嗟哉斯徒辈,其心不如禽。
慈乌复慈乌,鸟中之曾参。
慈乌夜啼译文及注释
译文
慈乌失去了它的母亲,哀伤的一直哑哑啼哭。
早晚守着旧树林,整年都不肯飞离。
每天半夜都哀哀啼哭,听到的人也忍不住泪湿衣襟。
慈乌的啼哭声仿佛在哀诉着自己未能及时尽到反哺孝养之心。
其他各种鸟类难道没有母亲,为什么只有慈乌你特别哀怨?
想必是母恩深重使你承受不住吧!
以前有位名叫吴起的人,母亲去世竟不奔丧。
哀叹这类的人,他们的心真是禽兽不如啊!
慈乌啊慈乌!你真是鸟类中的曾参啊!
(注:曾参是孔子弟子中以孝心孝行著称的门生。)
注释
哑哑:形容乌鸦的叫声。哑,音。
经年:终年、整年。
故林:旧林,指往日与母亲所栖息的树林。
夜夜夜半啼:每晚在半夜里啼叫。夜夜,每天晚上。
沾襟:眼泪沾湿衣襟。襟,音 ,同「衿」,上衣的前幅。
反哺:慈乌初生的时候,母亲餵养它,等它长大了,便捕取食物来餵养母亲,这叫做反哺;引申是说:报答父母的恩情。哺,音 ,餵养。
尔 :你。
不任:不能承受悲痛。不任,不堪、不能承受。任,因为押平声韵的关系,音。
吴起:战国时鲁国名将。他曾为了追求功名,母亲死了,却不回家料理丧事。他的老师曾申(曾参的儿子)知道这件事,就和他断绝来往。
殁: 死亡。
丧不临:即「不临丧」,不奔丧的意思。古代习俗,父母或尊长过世,从外地赶回料理丧事或祭拜,称奔丧。
嗟哉:叹词。嗟,音。
斯徒辈:这一类的人。斯,此、这。徒、辈都是类的意思--
复 又:这里是加强语气。
曾参:字子舆,春秋时鲁国人,孔子的学生。是当时有名的孝子。
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摸鱼儿·雁丘词》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易(772年-846年),字乐天,号香山居士,又号醉吟先生,祖籍太原,到其曾祖父时迁居下邽,生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人,唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动,世称“元白”,与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛,形式多样,语言平易通俗,有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年,白居易在洛阳逝世,葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世,代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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