城东早春
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唐代]：杨巨源
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城东早春译文及注释
译文
早春的清新景色，正是诗人的最爱。绿柳枝头嫩叶初萌，鹅黄之色尚未均匀。
若是到了京城花开之际，那将满城便是赏花之人。
注释
城：指唐代京城长安。
诗家：诗人的统称，并不仅指作者自己。清景：清秀美丽的景色。清：一作“新”。新春：即早春。
才黄：刚刚露出嫩黄的柳眼。匀：均匀，匀称。
上林：上林苑，故址在今陕西西安市西，建于秦代，汉武帝时加以扩充，为汉宫苑。诗中用来代指唐朝京城长安。锦：五色织成的绸绫。
俱：全，都。看花人：此处双关进士及第者。唐时举进士及第者有在长安城中看花的风俗。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（上）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986：823
2、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：302-303
3、李静 等．唐诗宋词鉴赏大全集．北京：华文出版社，2009：145
4、麦晖.“莫待上林花似锦”——读杨巨源《城东早春》诗.决策与信息,1999,12
城东早春创作背景
这首诗的具体写作年份难以考证。从诗的第三句看，题中的“城”当指唐代京城长安。杨巨源曾在长安任职多年，历任太常博士、礼部员外郎、国子司业等职。此诗当是他在京任职期间所作。
参考资料：
1、李静 等．唐诗宋词鉴赏大全集．北京：华文出版社，2009：145
2、萧涤非 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：738-739
城东早春鉴赏
此诗写诗人对早春景色的热爱。前两句突出诗题中的“早春”之意。首句是诗人在城东游赏时对所见早春景色的赞美。这里有两层意思，既是表明，为诗家所喜爱的清新景色，正在这早春之中；同时也表明，这清新的早春景色，最能激发诗家的诗情。一个“清”字用得贴切。这里不仅指早春景色本身的清新喜人，也兼指这种景色刚刚开始显露出来，还没引起人们的注意，所以环境显得很清幽。
第二句紧接第一句，是对早春景色的具体描绘。早春时，柳叶新萌，其色嫩黄，俗称“柳眼”。“才”字“半”字，都是暗示“早”。如果只笼统地写柳叶初生，虽也是写“早春”，但总觉得平淡无味。诗人抓住了“半未匀”这种境界，使人仿佛见到绿枝上刚刚露出的几颗嫩黄的柳眼，那么清新宜人。这不仅突出了“早”字，而且把早春之柳的风姿勾画得非常逼真。生动的笔触蕴含着作者极其欢悦和赞美之情。早春时节，气候寒冷，百花尚未绽开，唯柳枝新叶，冲寒而出，最富有生机，最早为人们带来春天的消息。写新柳，恰好抓住了早春景色的特征。
前两句已将早春之神写出，如再作具体描绘，必成赘言。后两句用“若待”两字一转，改从对面着笔，用芳春的艳丽景色，来反衬早春的“清景”。上林苑繁花似锦，写景色的秾艳已极；游人如云，写环境之喧嚷如市。这后两句与前两句，正好形成鲜明的对照，更反衬出诗人对早春清新之景的喜爱。同时这也是比喻之笔，“俱是看花人”不仅仅是说锦绣满地，观赏花的人多，更是说人已功成名就，人们争趋共仰。因此，此诗的深层意旨是：求贤助国、选拔人才，应在他们地位卑微、功绩未显之际，犹如嫩柳初黄、色彩未浓之时。这时若能善于识别、大胆扶持，他们就会迅速成材，担当大用；如果等到他们功成志得、誉满名高，犹如花开锦绣、红映枝头，人们争趋共仰，就不GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>用人去发现和帮助了。
全诗将清幽、秾艳之景并列而出，对比鲜明，色调明快；同时含蕴深刻，耐人寻味，堪称佳篇。
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杨基《
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春草》
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杜甫《
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水槛遣心二首》
杨巨源简介
唐代·杨巨源的简介
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唐代诗人。字景山，后改名巨济。河中（治所今山西永济）人。贞元五年(789)进士。初为张弘靖从事，由秘书郎擢太常博士，迁虞部员外郎。出为凤翔少尹，复召授国子司业。长庆四年(824)，辞官退休，执政请以为河中少尹，食其禄终身。关于杨巨源生年，据方崧卿《韩集举正》考订。韩愈《送杨少尹序》作于长庆四年（824），序中述及杨有“年满七十”、“去归其乡”语。由此推断，杨当生于755年，卒年不详。
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