《氓》翻译及注释
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两汉：佚名
氓之蚩蚩，抱布贸丝。匪来贸丝，来即我谋。送子涉淇，至于顿丘。匪我愆期，子无良媒。将子无怒，秋以为期。
译文：憨厚农家小伙子，怀抱布匹来换丝。其实不是真换丝，找个机会谈婚事。送郎送过淇水西，到了顿丘情依依。不是我愿误佳期，你无媒人失礼仪。望郎休要发脾气，秋天到了来迎娶。
注释：氓：《说文》“氓，民也。”本义为外来的百姓，这里指自彼来此之民，男子之代称。蚩蚩：通“嗤嗤”，笑嘻嘻的样子。一说憨厚、老实的样子。贸：交易。抱布贸丝是以物易物。“匪来”二句：是说那人并非真来买丝，是找我商量事情来了。所商量的事情就是结婚。匪：通“非”。即：走近，靠近。谋：商量。古音咪（mī）。淇：卫国河名。今河南淇河。顿丘：地名。今河南清丰。丘：古读如“欺”。愆：过失，过错，这里指延误。这句是说并非我要拖延约定的婚期而不肯嫁，是因为你没有找好媒人。将：愿，请。无：通“毋”，不要。
乘彼垝垣，以望复关。不见复关，泣涕涟涟。既见复关，载笑载言。尔卜尔筮，体无咎言。以尔车来，以我贿迁。(尔一作：尓)
译文：爬上那垛破土墙，遥向复关凝神望。复关远在云雾中，不见情郎泪千行。情郎即从复关来，又说又笑喜洋洋。你去卜卦求神仙，没有凶兆心欢畅。赶着你的车子来，为我搬运好嫁妆。
注释：乘：登上。垝垣：倒塌的墙壁。垝，倒塌。垣，墙壁。复关：①复，返。关：在往来要道所设的关卡。女望男到期来会。他来时一定要经过关门。一说“复”是关名。②复关：卫国地名，指“氓”所居之地。涕：眼泪；涟涟：涕泪下流貌。她初时不见彼氓回到关门来，以为他负约不来了，因而伤心泪下。载：动词词头，无义。尔卜尔筮：烧灼龟甲的裂纹以判吉凶，叫做“卜”。用蓍（shī）草占卦叫做“筮”。体：指龟兆和卦兆，即卜筮的结果。咎：不吉利，灾祸。无咎言：就是无凶卦。贿：财物，指嫁妆，妆奁（lián）。以上四句是说你从卜筮看一看吉凶吧，只要卜筮的结果好，你就打发车子来迎娶，并将嫁妆搬去。
桑之未落，其叶沃若。于嗟鸠兮！无食桑葚。于嗟女兮！无与士耽。士之耽兮，犹可说也。女之耽兮，不可说也。
译文：桑树叶子未落时，缀满枝头绿萋萋。嘘嘘那些斑鸠儿，别把桑葚吃嘴里。哎呀年轻姑娘们，别对男人情依依。男人若是恋上你，要丢便丢太容易。女人若是恋男子，要想解脱难挣离。
注释：沃若：犹“沃然”，像水浸润过一样有光泽。以上二句以桑的茂盛时期比自己恋爱满足，生活美好的时期。于嗟鸠兮：于：通“吁”本义为表示惊怪、不然、感慨等，此处与嗟皆表感慨。鸠：斑鸠。传说斑鸠吃桑葚过多会醉。耽：迷恋，沉溺，贪乐太甚。说：通“脱”，解脱。
桑之落矣，其黄而陨。自我徂尔，三岁食贫。淇水汤汤，渐车帷裳。女也不爽，士贰其行。士也罔极，二三其德。
译文：桑树叶子落下了，枯黄憔悴任飘摇。自从嫁到你家来，三年穷苦受煎熬。淇水茫茫送我归，水溅车帷湿又潮。我做妻子没差错，是你男人太奸刁。反覆无常没准则，变心缺德耍花招。
注释：陨：坠落，掉下。这里用黄叶落下比喻女子年老色衰。黄：变黄。其黄而陨：犹《裳裳者华》篇的“芸其黄矣”，芸也是黄色。徂：往；徂尔：嫁到你家。食贫：过贫穷的生活。汤汤：水势浩大的样子。渐：浸湿。帷裳：车旁的布幔。以上两句是说被弃逐后渡淇水而归。爽：差错。贰：“貣（tè）”的误字。“貣”就是“忒”，和“爽”同义。这里指爱情不专一。以上两句是说女方没有过失而男方行为不对。罔：无，没有；极：标准，准则。二三其德：在品德上三心二意，言行为前后不一致。
三岁为妇，靡室劳矣。夙兴夜寐，靡有朝矣。言既遂矣，至于暴矣。兄弟不知，咥其笑矣。静言思之，躬自悼矣。
译文：婚后三年守妇道，繁重家务不辞劳。起早睡晚不嫌苦，忙里忙外非一朝。谁知家业已成后，渐渐对我施凶暴。兄弟不知我处境，个个见我哈哈笑。静下心来细细想，独自伤神泪暗抛。
注释：靡室劳矣：言所有的家庭劳作一身担负无余。室劳：家务劳动。靡：无。“夙兴”二句：就是说起早睡迟，朝朝如此，不能计算了。夙：早。兴：起来。言既遂矣：“言”字为语助词，无义。既遂：就是《谷风》篇“既生既育”的意思，言愿望既然已经实现。咥：笑的样子。以上两句是说兄弟还不晓得我的遭遇，见面时都讥笑我啊。静言思之：静下心来好好地想一想，言：音节助词，无实义。躬自悼矣：自身独自伤心。躬，自身；悼，伤心。
及尔偕老，老使我怨。淇则有岸，隰则有泮。总角之宴，言笑晏晏，信誓旦旦，不思其反。反是不思，亦已焉哉！
译文：当年发誓偕白头，如今未老心先忧。淇水滔滔终有岸，沼泽虽宽有尽头。回想少时多欢乐，谈笑之间露温柔。海誓山盟犹在耳，哪料反目竞成仇。莫再回想背盟事，既已终结便罢休！
注释：“及尔”二句：当初曾相约和你一同过到老，偕老之说徒然使我怨恨罢了。隰：低湿的地方；当作“湿”，水名，就是漯河，黄河的支流，流经卫国境内。泮：通“畔”水边，边岸。以上二句承上文，以水流必有畔岸，喻凡事都有边际，而自己愁思无尽。言外之意，如果和这样的男人偕老，那就苦海无边了。总角：古代男女未成年时把头发扎成丫髻，称总角。这里指代少年时代。宴：快乐。晏晏：欢乐，和悦的样子。旦旦：诚恳的样子。反：即“返”字。不思其反：不曾想过会违背誓言。反是不思：违反这些。是，指示代词，指代誓言。是重复上句的意思，变换句法为的是和下句叶韵。已：了结，终止。焉哉（古读如兹zī）：语气词连用，加强语气，表示感叹。末句等于说撇开算了罢！
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佚名《
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大雅·生民》
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佚名《
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小雅·渐渐之石》
佚名简介
唐代·佚名的简介
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